Stains

Question 1

AFB (TBC)

Answer 1

Acid-fast bacilli (TB or M. avium-intercellulare)

Question 2

Fite stain

Answer 2

Acid-fast bacilli, especially M. leprae

Question 3

Congo red

Answer 3

Amyloid

Question 4

Dieterle

Answer 4

Spirochetes

Question 5

VVG

Answer 5

Elastin

Question 6

Brown Benn

Answer 6

Bacteria

Question 7

Prussian blue/Fe

Answer 7

Iron stores (hemachromatosis)

Question 8

PASF

Answer 8

Fungus (periodic acid-Schiff with fungal control)

Question 9

PASFD

Answer 9

Candida on esophageal biopsies and fungal infections on skin biopsies (PAS with diastase digestion and fungal control)

Question 10

GMS

Answer 10

Fungi and pneumocystis (Grocott methenamine silver)

Question 11

Masson

Answer 11

Collagen

Question 12

Von Kossa

Answer 12

Calcium

Question 13

Warthin-Starry

Answer 13

Spirochetes

Question 14

ORO

Answer 14

Lipids on frozen sections (oil red O)

Question 15

ACHE

Answer 15

Hirschprung’s disease (acetylcholinesterase)

Question 16

CMV

Answer 16

Cytomegalovirus (immunosuppressed patients)

Question 17

ADV

Answer 17

Adenovirus (small and large bowel in immunosuppressed pediatric patients)

Question 18

HP

Answer 18

Helicobacter pylori in all gastric antral biopsies

Question 19

Cytokeratin

Answer 19

Sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer

Question 20

EBNA 2/LMP-1

Answer 20

Ebstein-Barr virus on EBV-related tumors and some immunosuppressed patients

Question 21

Calretinin

Answer 21

Hirschsprung’s disease

Question 22

ER/PR, Her 2 neu, EGFR

Answer 22

Prognostic indicators for breast cancer (ER/PR = estrogen/progesterone receptor, EGFR = epidermal growth factor receptor)

Question 23

CA 125

Answer 23

Ovarian tumor marker

Question 24

GFAP, HAM 356/CD68, Ki-67

Answer 24

Brain tumors and lymphomas (GFAP = glial fibrillary acidic protein)

Question 25

PSA

Answer 25

Prostatic differentiation (prostate-specific antigen)

Question 26

S100

Answer 26

Neural differentiation

Question 27

Mart-1

Answer 27

Melanoma

Question 28

Synaptophysin and Chromagranin

Answer 28

Neuroendocrine differentiation

Question 29

SMA and desmin

Answer 29

Muscle differentiation (SMA = smooth muscle actin)

Question 30

TTF-1

Answer 30

Lung adenocarcinoma and/or thyroid origin (thyroid transcription factor 1)

Question 31

CD10, Pax2, and RCC

Answer 31

Renal cell carcinoma

Question 32

PLAP

Answer 32

Germ cell differentiation (placental alkaline phosphatase)

Question 33

Mammoglobin

Answer 33

Breast tissue

Question 34

HepPar-1

Answer 34

Liver

Question 35

CK 903 (34Beta E12) , CK5/6, and p63

Answer 35

Basal cell markers in breast and prostate cancers

Question 36

P504s

Answer 36

Prostate cancer glands

Question 37

p16

Answer 37

Cervical cancers/dysplasias

Question 38

p53

Answer 38

Over-expression of tumor suppression gene (prognostic marker)

Question 39

CD45

Answer 39

Leukocyte common antigen (LCA) for lymphoid differentiation

Question 40

CD3, CD4, CD8, CD2, CD5, CD7

Answer 40

T cell markers

Question 41

CD 20

Answer 41

B cells, treatment decisions

Question 42

CD 117

Answer 42

Diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors, myeloid differentiation

Question 43

CD 138

Answer 43

Plasma cell differentiation

Question 44

CD 31, CD 34

Answer 44

Endothelial cells and CD34 blasts

Question 45

CD10 and bcl-6

Answer 45

Lymphoid germinal cell markers

Question 46

CD15

Answer 46

Myeloid cells and Hodgkin cells

Question 47

CDX2

Answer 47

Colon and some GI tumors