Stalin Final

Question 1

League of Nations

Answer 1

Established after WWI, the first worldwide intergovernmental organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace, was largely weak and ended up being a failure

Question 1

Comintern

Answer 1

International organization that advocated world communism, led by the Soviet Union, exerted Soviet control over world communism

Question 2

Adolph Hitler

Answer 2

Was the Austrian born dictator of Germany, advocated German territorial expansion and racial supremacy

Question 3

The Popular Front

Answer 3

Movements led by liberal minded members of the intelligentsia to defend perestroika

Question 4

Munich Crisis

Answer 4

To prevent further German aggression, Neville Chamberlain adopted a policy of appeasement towards Hitler

Question 5

Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact

Answer 5

Treaty of Nonaggression between Germany and the Soviet Union that partitioned Central and Eastern Europe between them

Question 6

Operation Barbarossa

Answer 6

The German invasion of the Soviet Union, largest land offensive in human history, ultimate goal was the extermination of the Slavs

Question 7

Battle of Moscow

Answer 7

Battle between Soviet Union and Germany, at the height of Operation Barbarossa, ended the German’s intention to capture Moscow

Question 8

Leningrad Blockade

Answer 8

German siege of Leningrad, Leningrad’s entire able-bodied population was mobilized to build antitank fortifications along the city’s perimeter, many died from starvation, exposure and disease

Question 9

“Blockade Bread”

Answer 9

During siege of Leningrad, people only had bread available to eat, contained sawdust and other inedible things

Question 10

Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN)

Answer 10

a Ukrainian nationalist organization, pursued a strategy of violence, terrorism, and assassinations with the goal of creating an ethnically homogenous and totalitarian Ukrainian state

Question 11

Einsatzgruppen

Answer 11

Expected to act as an ideological group, militarized murder squad, exterminate the Polish educated class, Nazi death squads

Question 12

Babi Yar

Answer 12

a ravine in Kyiv, a site of massacres carried out by Nazi Germany’s forces

Question 13

Katyn

Answer 13

a series of mass executions of nearly 22,000 Polish military officers and intelligentsia prisoners of war carried out by the NKVD

Question 14

Penal Battalions

Answer 14

Military units composed of sentenced soldiers, political prisoners, and others deemed to be expendable

Question 15

Alexei Maresev

Answer 15

Hero of the Soviet Union, his plane was shot down, crawled though German occupied territory while badly injured back to Soviet territory, had both his legs amputated, mastered control of his prosthetic devices and returned to flying

Question 16

Battle of Stalingrad

Answer 16

Stopped the German advance into the Soviet Union, Nazi Germany unsuccessfully fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad

Question 17

Battle of Kursk

Answer 17

Became the largest tank battle in history and resulted in a Soviet victory

Question 18

Marshal Tukhachevsky

Answer 18

Served as an officer in World War I and in the Russian Civil War, he achieved the rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union, became instrumental in the development of Soviet aviation, was accused of treason, and after confessing during torture he was executed in 1937 during Yezhov’s military purges

Question 19

Marshal Zhukov

Answer 19

Was a Marshal of the Soviet Union, Chief of the General Staff, Minister of Defense, and was a member of the Politburo, during World War II he oversaw some of the Red Army’s most decisive victories, organized the defense of Leningrad, Moscow, and Stalingrad

Question 20

Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya

Answer 20

Was a member of a Soviet residence guerrilla group, she was executed after acts of sabotage against the invading armies of Nazi Germany, after stories emerged of her defiance towards her captors, she was posthumously declared a Hero of the Soviet Union

Question 21

Mikhail Chaureli

Answer 21

Was a Soviet Georgian actor, film director and screenwriter, Stalin’s favorite director, The Vow-told the revolution through a Stainist point of view, fictitious story

Question 22

The Fall of Berlin

Answer 22

Romantic story, retelling of WWII, contains highly positive depiction of Stalin

Question 23

Yalta Conference

Answer 23

Meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union to discuss the postwar reorganization of Germany and Europe

Question 24

Fourth Five Year Plan

Answer 24

Aims to rebuild the industrial base and exceed prewar production levels, a xenophobic campaign, zhdanovschina, is launched to purify Soviet life of Western bourgeois influences

Question 25

Zhdanovschina

Answer 25

Andrei Zhdanov, cultural policy of the Soviet Union during the Cold War period, called for stricter government control of art and promoting an extreme anti-Western bias

Question 26

Trofim Lysenko

Answer 26

“Lysenkoism”, tie Marxism/Leninism/Stalinism into plant biology, plants and animals can be remade in their environment

Question 27

The Doctors Plot

Answer 27

Was a Soviet state-sponsored antisemitic campaign and conspiracy theory that alleged a cabal of prominent Jewish medical specialists intended to murder leading government and party officials.

Question 28

XX Party Congress (1956)

Answer 28

Nikita Krushchev denounced Stalin, accused him of creating a cult of personality, placing himself above the party, mass repression, killing innocent party members

Question 29

De-Stalinization

Answer 29

Streets, parks and cities were renames, history books were written, statues were torn down, a process of political reforms in the Soviet Union that took place after the death Stalin in 1953

Question 30

Nikita Khrushchev

Answer 30

Becomes party’s first secretary, emerges as primary leader of Soviet Union, Khrushchev denounced Stalin's crimes, and embarked on a policy of de-Stalinization

Question 31

Mikhail Gorbachev

Answer 31

Succeeded Khrushchev, decided the Soviet economy needed fundamental reform, too much military spending, political system needs reform, wanted to include more democratic elements in Soviet political system, began to relax censorship

Question 32

Perestroika

Answer 32

The policy of restructuring or reforming the economic and political system

Question 33

The Levada Center

Answer 33

A Russian independent, nongovernmental polling and sociological research organization

Question 34

Main Cathedral of the Russian Armed Forces

Answer 34

Dedicated to the 75th anniversary of Victory Day, decorated with murals of battle scenes from Russian military history and Bible scripture texts