Stallions Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is a stallion compared to a colt?
Colt = <4 Stallion = >4
At what does puberty occur in stallions? When is maximal sexual maturity reached?
12-24 months puberty onset
Mature at 4-5 years
What type of breeders are horses?
Seasonal long-day
How long does spermatogenesis taken in stallions?
60 days
What is the maximum number of matings a stallion should do per day and per week?
2 mares per day
15 mares per week
What should stallions be tested for prior to mating?
Contagious equine metritis (CEM)
Equine viral arteritis (EVA)
What pathogen causes CEM and how are stallions tested for it?
Taylorella equigenitalis
Swab urethral fossa, penile sheath and pre-ejaculatory fluid
Stallions are the only carriers for the notifiable condition Equine Viral Arteritis. What does it cause in mares?
Vasculitis
Abortion
How is Equine Viral Arteritis prevented?
Artevac vaccine
How are penile injuries treated generally?
Anti-inflm - NSAIDs or steroids Cold therapy Massage Diuretics Topical Tx Cannot amputate if wanting to maintain mating career
What is the difference between priapism and paraphimosis?
Priapism= prolonged erection Paraphimosis = forestick stuck pulled back
What is the treatment for paraphimosis?
Support with truss
or GA and roll on back
Gently and firmly replace in sheath and place purse string suture
What is the treatment for priapism?
Flushing of corpus cavernosum under GA
Give benztropine mesylate IV
+/- phenylephrine in corpus cavernosum
What is a testicular hydrocele?
Fluid filled sac within scrotum
Lies alongside the testis
What is is a testicular varicocele?
Enlargement of veins in scrotal
Repro conditions of stallions include dermatitis, rectal tears, neoplasia, haemospermia, urospermia and neoplasias. Name some repro neoplasias in stallions
Sarcoids SCC Melanoma Seminoma Papilloma
Who can perform AI on mares?
Trained paraprofessionals
What material should be avoided when storing semen and why?
Rubber
Spermicidal
How does AI affect the risk of endometritis?
Decreased risk compared to natural mating
Where can AI straws be placed in mares?
Through cervix
Or into uterine horn on the side of ovulation (deep insemination)
When should horses be served with fresh or chilled semen?
Up to 48 hours before ovulation
Same as natural service
When should horses be served with frozen semen?
Up to 12 hours before to 6 hours after ovulation
Requires frequent US scans
