Standard Precautions + Infection Control

Question 1

Standard Precautions/Tier 1/Routine Practices

Answer 1

Guidelines to prevent the spread of infection from blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes every day.

Question 2

nosocomial infection

Answer 2

health care-associated infection, infection acquired while person is a patient, client, or resident in health care setting

Question 3

microbe

Answer 3

microorganism

Question 4

microorganism

Answer 4

a form of life that can only be see by a microscope

Question 5

infection control

Answer 5

refers to policies and procedures to prevent spread of infection in health care settings

Question 6

easiest way to reduce risk of infection

Answer 6

proper hand hygiene

Question 7

microbes that do not cause infection

Answer 7

nonpathogen

Question 8

pathogen

Answer 8

microbes that cause infection

Question 9

infection

Answer 9

illness or disease state resulting from the invasion and growth of pathogens in the body

Question 10

asepsis/clean technique

Answer 10

practice of reducing or eliminating potential pathogens

Question 11

four main types of pathogens

Answer 11

bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites

Question 12

reservoir

Answer 12

where microbes live and grows

Question 13

five things microbes typically need to thrive in a reservoir

Answer 13

warmth, moisture/water, oxygen, darkness, nourishment

Question 14

normal flora

Answer 14

microbes usually found on surface of the skin, mucous membranes, and gastro-intestinal track

Question 15

bacteria

Answer 15

single celled microbes that naturally occur on living, dead, or inanimate objects

Question 16

viruses

Answer 16

infectious particles that are much smaller than bacteria and infect living cells to grow and multiply

Question 17

fungi

Answer 17

microbes that live only on organic matter such as plants and animals

Question 18

parasites

Answer 18

organisms that derive nourishment + protection from other living organisms

Question 19

MRO’s

Answer 19

multidrug-resistant organisms aka superbugs that a resistant to more than one antibiotic (ex: MRSA;VRE;C.difficile)

Question 20

MRSA

Answer 20

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus - common bacterium not killed by most antibiotics

Question 21

VRE

Answer 21

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus strain of bacteria typically found in digestive tract that are resistant to all antibiotics

Question 22

C. difficile

Answer 22

Clostridium difficile = bacterium that causes mild to severe diarrhea and intestinal conditions

Question 23

Chain of Infection

Answer 23

pathogen - reservoir - portal of exit - mode of transmission - portal of entry - susceptible host

Question 24

3 things that can happen when exposed to pathogens

Answer 24

• no infection
• exposed and infection develops
• be a carrier (can spread but no symptoms)

Question 25

true or false: most routine care requires gloves

Answer 25

false

Question 26

communicable diseases

Answer 26

contagious diseases caused by microbes that spread easily (ex: air, droplet)

Question 27

Order for donning PPE

Answer 27

1. Hand hygiene 2. Mask 3. Goggles/Face shield 4. Gown 5. Gloves

Question 28

Order for doffing PPE

Answer 28

1. Gloves 2. Gown 3. Hand hygiene 4. Goggles/Face Shields 5. Mask 6. Hand hygiene

Question 29

medical asepsis

Answer 29

use clean technique in everything you do, exclude pathogenic micro-organisms, no visible contaminants

Question 30

surgical asepsis

Answer 30

use sterile technique, area is free of all microorganisms, use sterile gloves

Question 31

guidelines for preventing the spread of pathogens

Answer 31

isolation precautions

Question 32

guidelines to contain pathogens within one area

Answer 32

transmission-based precautions