states of matter Flashcards
(35 cards)
what is an intensive property
a substance which remains the same value regardless of the amount of matter
what is Boyles law
for a fixed amount of gas at constant temperature
what is Charles law
for a fixed amount of gas at constant volume
when is the only time gas molecules interact
when making a perfectly elastic collision
the energy of gas is entirely ____
kinetic
force =
Δp/Δt
pressure =
F/A
what is the most probable speed (s*)
✔️2RT/M
what is the mean speed <s-></s->
✔️8RT/piM
what is the root mean square speed (rms) ✔️<s^2>
✔️3RT/M
what can the mean speed be used to predict
- frequency of collisions
- mean free path
- total collision frequency
what is the number of collisions made by a single molecule A per unit time - on formula sheet
Za = sigma …
what is the mean free path formula - on formula sheet
lamda = …
what is the equation for the gravitational potential for force
F = Gm1m2 / R^2
what is the equation for the gravitational potential for energy
V = -Gm1m2 / R
the gravitational potential equations only hold for …
two individual particles which have a mass.
outside the collision volume, the potential energy of interaction is ____
zero
what is there Lennard jones formula and what is it for
V(R) = 4e []
it describes both the attraction and repulsion of particles.
what is a phase
a state of matter that is uniform throughout.
what is a component
a chemically indépendant constituent of a system
the most stable phase has the most ____ Gibbs energy.
negative
what is the Clapeyron equation - formula sheet
Δp/Δt = ΔH/TΔV
how do you work out the gradient of a coexistence line
the sign of the change in volume on melting
what are anti-bumping granules for ?
they add a rough surface to lower the energy required to form bubbles, hence reducing the possibility of superheating the liquid above the boiling point.
