states of matter

Question 1

Properties of a solid

Answer 1

-no flow
-fixed shape
-fixed volume
-high density

Question 2

Properties of a liquid

Answer 2

-flow
-fits container’s shape
-fixed volume
-higher density than gas

Question 3

Properties of a gas

Answer 3

-flow
-fills container
-volume can be changed
-low density

Question 4

physical change

Answer 4

-no new substances made
-reversible
-eg change of state

Question 5

hiw does a change of state differ from a chemical change

Answer 5

in a change of state the material can return to having ita previuos properties if change is reversed

Question 6

what is always conserved when a substance undergoes a change of state and why?

Answer 6

-mass

-This concept is called the Law of Conservation of Mass. In a physical change, a substance’s physical properties may change, but its chemical makeup does not.

Question 7

sublimation

Answer 7

-no new substances made
-reversible
-eg change of state

-solid to gas

Question 8

evaporation

Answer 8

when a liquid chnages to a gas state

Question 9

condensation

Answer 9

gas changes into a liquid state

Question 10

deposition

Answer 10

gas to a solid

Question 11

Describe the kinetic theory of matter in relation to the three main states of matter

Answer 11

solids
[] particles are held together in fixed positions and have very little KINETIC energy, so only vibrate in place

liquids
[] particles are not in fixed positions and have enough KINETIC energy to move around, but not enough to separate so the particles still touch

gases
[] particles have the most KINETIC energy and do not touch, instead moving rapidly and randomly

Question 12

Kinetic theory of water

Answer 12

-particles in a solid vibrate in their fixed position
-particles in a liquid move at random
-particles in a gas move faster/more far apart = more energy

Question 13

difference between three states of matter

Answer 13

solid- no flow, fixed shape, fixed volume, density much higher than a gas

liquid- has flow, fits container shape , volume fixed, density much higher than a gas

gas- has flow , fills container, volume can be changed, density lower than solid or liquid

Question 14

when water boils in a pan - why does the mass of the pan appear to decrease?

Answer 14

• some of the water will evaporate and turn into water vapour
• this willleave the pan meaning the mass will decrease
• the mass of the whole system however remains constant

Question 15

explain the processes involved when a bathroom mirror fogs up

Answer 15

• hot water evaporates to form water vapour
• this water vapour lands on the cooler mirror
• vapour condenses and returns ro a liquid stae on mirrors surface