States of Matter Flashcards
(17 cards)
How are particles arranged in a solid?
Closely packed in a regular, fixed pattern; particles vibrate in place but don’t move freely.
How are particles arranged in a liquid?
Close together but randomly arranged; they can slide past eachother.
How are particles arranged in a gas?
Very far apart and randomly spaced; they move quickly in all directions.
In a diagram, what clues show a solid?
Tightly packed particles in neat rows – no gaps, no movement arrows.
In a diagram, what clues show a liquid?
Particles touching but jumbled – not in rows with short arrows showing slow movement.
In a diagram, what clues show a gas?
Particles spaced out, no touching, arrows pointing in all directions to show fast movement.
Which state has the strongest forces between particles?
Solids.
Which state can flow and take the shape of its container?
Liquids.
Which state is compressible?
Gases – because of the large spaces between particles.
What is an element?
A substance made of only one type of atom.
What is a compound?
A substance made from two or more different elements chemically bonded together.
Give an example of a compound.
Water (H2O)
What is a mixture?
Two or more substances (elements and/or compounds) mixed togethee but NOT chemically bonded.
Give an example of a mixture.
Air (a mixture of gases), salt water, sand etc.
How can you tell the different between a compound and a mixture?
Compounds are chemically bonded and have fixed ratios; mixtures are not chemically bonded and can be separated easily.
Can mixtures be separated by physical methods?
Yes – like filtration, distillation or evaporation.
Why don’t compounds have the same properties as their elements?
Because when elements chemically bond to form a compound, a chemical reaction occurs. This reaction changes the way the atoms are arranged and how they behave.
