states of matter 3 and 4

Question 1

difference between boiling and evaporation

Answer 1

Boiling happens at a
specific temperature and
the phase change is
happening throughout the
liquid.

Evaporation only
happens at the surface
where only the top layer
of particles has enough
kinetic energy to change
phase.

Question 2

impurities make what lower?

Answer 2

boiling points and melting points

Question 3

why do impurities lower boiling and melting points

Answer 3

Impurities disrupt the order in solids.

They make it easier to break the intermolecular
forces between particles.

They broaden the melting/boiling point.

The substance will melt or boil over a range of temperatures instead of at a specific temperature

Question 3

what is diffusion

Answer 3

the net movement of particles from a region of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 4

what is diffusion caused by

Answer 4

Caused by collisions between the diffusing particles and the medium
(air or water usually)

Question 5

factors that affect the rate of diffusion

Answer 5

The concentration (faster if concentration higher as particles collide mor often pushing them to spread out faster)

The temperature (faster if hotter because particles collide with more
energy).

The size of the particles (faster for smaller particles because they are less heavy and move faster).