States of Matter and Mixtures

Question 2

Crystallisation:

Answer 2

A separation technique to obtain soluble solids from solutions. The process involves heating the solution until crystals start to form, leaving the solution to cool and then filtering the formed crystals from the solution.

Question 3

Filtration:

Answer 3

A separation technique used to separate an insoluble solid from a solution.

Question 4

Fractional distillation:

Answer 4

A process used to separate a mixture of liquids. The liquids have different boiling points so can be separated into different fractions within a fractionating column.

Question 5

Liquid

Answer 5

Liquid: The state of matter where the particles are arranged randomly and close together.
The particles are able to move past each other.

Question 6

Potable water

Answer 6

Water that is safe for humans to drink.

Question 7

Pure substance:

Answer 7

chemistry definition of a pure substance is a substance which contains only one compound or element. The everyday definition of a pure substance is a substance which has nothing added to it, e.g. pure milk.

Question 8

Rf value

Answer 8

value used in chromatography which is calculated as the distance travelled by the dissolved substance divided by the distance travelled by the solvent. It can be used to identify substances within a mixture.

Question 9

Sedimentation:

Answer 9

A process used in water treatment to remove solids from the water.
Suspended solids will fall to the bottom of the container and form a sediment, allowing them to be easily removed.

Question 10

Simple distillation

Answer 10

Simple distillation: A separation technique used to separate a liquid from a solution. The solution is heated so that only the liquid with the lowest boiling point evaporates. This gas is then condensed in a condenser before being collected as a liquid.