States of matter, Separating Techniques and Atomic Structure Flashcards
How does crystallisation work?
When a solution is heated to evaporate the liquid solvent, the solid solute is left behind in the form of crystals.
How does Chromatography work?
It separates solutions with several solutes in the solvent. When the chromatography paper with the solution on it is dipped in a suitable solvent, the solvent moves up the paper and takes certain solutes with it. This can be used to see what colours are used in ink
How does Distillation work?
It separates liquids with different boiling points by causing one liquid to evaporate and condensing it elsewhere. In this way the two liquids are separated.
How can graphs be used to compare the differences between a mixture and a pure substance?
Pure substance change state at specific temperatures. Mixtures change state between a range of temperatures.
What does it mean for something to be chemically pure?
It consists of only one element or compound.
What is the difference between a mixture and a compound?
A compound is when two or more elements are chemically bound together. (for example water, which is H2O)
A mixture is when two substances are physically combined.
How do impurities affect the melting or boiling points of a sample?
Impurities INCREASE the boiling point and DECREASE the melting point.
What is a formulation?
A mixture of chemical components designed to create useful products.
