States Questions—Intermediate

Question 1

(Visual) Which letter marks the forum paid for by the conquests of Dacia at which you could find the famous column of Trajan?

Answer 1

B

B1: Name the forum shown in A, a location where you might find the basilica of
Maxentius.

FORUM ROMANUM

B2: Name the forum shown in C, where you witness the remains of the Temple of Mars Ultor

FORUM OF AUGUSTUS

Question 2

What is the Latin term for a shrine to the household gods?

Answer 2

LARARIUM

B1: For which gods was the lararium a shrine?

LARES

B2: What gods of the cupboard were, according to Vergil, brought to Rome by Aeneas?

PENATES

Question 3

What event occurred for the first time in Rome in 264 BC at the funeral of Brutus Pera, although the event had occurred previously at Etruscan funerals?

Answer 3

GLADIATORIAL COMBAT/MUNERA

B1: What did the sign of premere pollice signify?

THE GLADIATOR SHOULD BE SPARED

B2: What two word Latin term was a sign that the defeated gladiator should die?

VERTERE POLLICEM

Question 4

Which of the following was closest to the Praetorian Camp in Rome: Baths of Nero, Baths of Trajan, Baths of Caracalla, Baths of Diocletian?

Answer 4

BATHS OF DIOCLETIAN

B1: Of the four bathhouses listed in the tossup, which was closest to the Colosseum?

BATHS OF TRAJAN

B2: Of the four bathhouses listed in the tossup, which was located on the Campus
Martius?

BATHS OF NERO

Question 5

In what modern country would a Roman find the following flumina: Liger, Rhodanus, Garumna, and Sequana?

Answer 5

FRANCE

B1: In what modern country would a Roman find these flumina: Baetis, Iberus, Anas, and Tagus?

SPAIN

B2: In what modern country would a Roman find the Bodotria, Sabrina, and Tamesis flumina?

UK

Question 6

What term was given to the woolen, water resistant cloak worn by soldiers?

Answer 6

SAGUM

B1: What term was given to the Roman equivalent of a poncho, a single large piece of
material with a hole for the head to go through?

PAENULA

B2: What type of cloak, at first worn over the toga, then instead of the toga, was banned by Augustus for use in public assemblies of citizens?

LACERNA

Question 7

What was the difference between mustum and mulsum?

Answer 7

MUSTUM=GRAPE JUICE, MULSUM=HONEYED WINE

B1: What was mulsa?

FERMENTED HONEY AND WATER

B2: What was muria?

FERMENTED FISH SAUCE

Question 8

What type of gladiator carried a small, round shield and a curved sword?

Answer 8

THRAX/THRACIAN

B1: What type of gladiator, who had a fish on his helmet, often fought against the Thracian?

MYRMILLO

B2: What type of gladiator was heavily armed, but fought blinded by his helmet?

ANDABATA

Question 9

What body of water would the Romans have called Pontus Euxinus?

Answer 9

BLACK SEA

B1: What body of water would the Romans have called Oceanus Britannicus?

ENGLISH CHANNEL

B2: What body of water would the Romans have called Oceanus Germanicus?

NORTH SEA

Question 10

Which of the following would a Roman soldier carry into battle: scutum, flammeum, acetum, stylus?

Answer 10

SCUTUM

B1: What is a Roman soldier’s scutum?

SHIELD

B2: Which of the following would arm a soldier going into battle: lorica, galea, sponsalia, carcares.

LORICA and GALEA

Question 11

What were rota, latrunculi, trigon, and duodecim scripta?

Answer 11

GAMES

B1: Of the games listed in the tossup, which was akin to modern backgammon?

DUODECIM SCRIPTA

B2: Of the games listed in the tossup, which was akin to modern backgammon?

ROTA

Question 12

What structure in Rome contained the statumen, the nucleus, the dorsum, and the rudus?

Answer 12

A ROAD/VIA

B1: Of the layers listed in the tossup, which was the topmost layer?

DORSUM

B2: What were umbones?

CURBSTONES

Question 13

Which of the following was not built under the reign of Ancus Marcius: Pons Sublicius, Mamertine Prison, Cloaca Maxima, Ostia?

Answer 13

CLOACA MAXIMA

B1: What hill did Marcius incorporate into the city?

AVENTINE/JANICULUM

B2: Which priestly college was created by Marcius: Vestal Virgins, Fetiales, Salii, Pontifices

FETIALES

Question 14

In what region of Italy were Tusculum, Lavinium, and Rome located?

Answer 14

LATIUM

B1: In what region of Italy were Florentina, Veii, and Tarquinii located?

ETRURIA

B2: In what region of Italy were Baiae, Capuae and Herculaneum located?

CAMPANIA

Question 15

Romans had several festivals celebrating the dead. Which one, celebrated in mid-February sacrifices of garlands, wheat, salt, and wine soaked bread at family tombs?

Answer 15

PARENTALIA

B1: Which festival in honor of the dead involved the head of the household throwing or spitting beans over their shoulders while other members of the household banged pots and pans together?

LEMURIA

B2: What public festival marked the end of Parentalia?

FERALIA

Question 16

What term would classify the following ancient Roman words: trochī, turbinēs, crepundia, tali?

Answer 16

TOYS

B1: … abolla, paenula, lacerna, sagum.

CLOAKS

B2: … sutor, fullō, caupo, amanuensis.

JOBS

Question 17

What category would the following items belong to: pugio, hasta, pilum, gladius?

Answer 17

WEAPONS/ARMA

B1: What term was given to the group of men who shared a tent?

CONTUBERNIUM

B2: What term was given to the second in command of a century?

OPTIO

Question 18

What name was given to a Roman child before it was born?

Answer 18

PUPUS / PUPA

B1: During what ceremony was a Roman child given its name?

DIĒS LUSTRICUS

B2: What Latin term designated the first days of a child’s life, prior to the dies lustricus?

PRIMORDIA

Question 19

What was the top layer of a Roman road called?

Answer 19

SUMMUM DORSUM

B1: In terms of a road what were umbones?

CURBS

B2: What were miliaria?

MILE MARKERS

Question 20

Which of the following was not on the Peloponessus: Argos, Sparta, Corinth, Eleusis, Olympia?

Answer 20

ELEUSIS

B1: What region of Greece was centered around Sparta?

LACEDAEMONIA

B2: What region of Greece contained Eleusis?

ATTICA

Question 21

Which of the following offices had the shortest term of office: tribune, consul, censor, dictator?

Answer 21

DICTATOR

B1: How long was the term of office for a dictator?

SIX MONTHS

B2: What was the Latin term for the dictator’s second in command?

MAGISTER EQUITUM

Question 22

What Roman festival, celebrated on May 9th, 11th, and 13th, was designed to appease the spirits of the dead?

Answer 22

LEMURIA

B1: What would the head of the household spit or throw over his shoulder as an offering to the spirits?

BLACK BEANS

B2: What was the term for the sign made by all the members of the household to ward off the spirits?

MANO FICO

Question 23

In what modern country would you find the city of Cyrene?

Answer 23

LIBYA

B1: In what modern country would you find the city of Utica?

TUNISIA

B2: In what modern country would you find the city of Tingi?

MOROCCO

Question 24

In what modern country would you find the Roman town of Vindobona?

Answer 24

AUSTRIA

B1: What is the modern name of that town?

VIENNA

B2: In what modern country would you find the Roman town of Aquincum?

HUNGARY

Question 25

Which of the following were not located on the Italian peninsula: **Via Aurelia, Via Salaria, Via Egnatia, Via Appia**?

Answer 25

**VIA EGNATIA** ## Footnote B1: What port city served as the Adriatic terminus of the **Via Egnatia**? DYRRACHIUM B2: In what modern country was the **Via Domitia**? FRANCE

Question 26

What English city would the Romans have called Camulodunum?

Answer 26

COLCHESTER ## Footnote B1: What English city would the Romans have called Deva? CHESTER B2: What English city would the Romans have called Manucium? MANCHESTER

Question 27

6. What Roman praenomen was abbreviated "V."?

Answer 27

VIBIUS or VOPISCUS ## Footnote B1: What Roman praenomen was abbreviated "N."? NUMERIUS B2: What Roman praenomen was abbreviated "D."? DECIMUS

Question 28

The Romans elected most of their officials every year, but one of the offices was elected every five years. Which one?

Answer 28

Answer: **CENSOR** ## Footnote B1. The frequency of election was not the only odd thing about the censorship because the time that he served was unusual too. How long did a censor serve? Answer: 18 MONTHS B2. The office of dictator was also unusual in the time of service and in the fact that dictator was not the original name for the office. Give me the original name for the dictator which was similar to the name of his lieutenant. Answer: **MAGISTER POPULI**

Question 29

Imagine yourself in ancient Rome, walking through the Forum. Suddenly, you think it would be awesome to see the Senate in session. What is the name of the building you ask for directions to?

Answer 29

Answer: **CURIA (IULIA/HOSTILIA)** ## Footnote B1. As you make your way toward the **Curia**, you see several men in bright white togas that make them stand out from the crowd. What do you know about them? Answer: THEY ARE RUNNING FOR OFFICE B2. You also see a man wearing a **tunica angusti clavi**. What do you know about him? Answer: HE IS A MEMBER OF THE EQUITES/EQUESTRIANS

Question 30

What was the Latin term for the shawl-like garment a Roman woman wore outside?

Answer 30

Answer: PALLA ## Footnote B1. That seemed a little easy, didn’t it? Fine, let’s see what you know. A Roman **matrona** had a special narrow border sewn onto the bottom of her stola. What was it called? Answer: **INSTITA** B2. That was a little more difficult, I suppose? Well, how about this. Tell me what a Roman woman’s **subucula** was? Answer: **TUNICA INTERIOR**/TUNIC WORN INDOORS AND UNDER THE STOLA (not underwear)

Question 31

Still in Rome! While you watch the Senate, you use your excellent Latin and strike up a conversation with the fellow next to you and he invites you to dinner. He offers you some **mustum** to drink. What is **mustum** ?

Answer 31

Answer: GRAPE JUICE ## Footnote B1. Your host seats you in the position of honor at his little dinner party. Which lectus does he put you on? Answer: **(LECTUS) MEDIUS** B2. Your host puts you on the third place of the **lectus medius.** What is this spot called? Answer: **LOCUS CONSULARIS**

Question 32

Later in the evening on your trip to ancient Rome your host takes you out onto the roof of his fine home on the Esquiline Hill. From there you have a good view and see some of Rome’s ancient police/fireman walking the streets. What does your host call them?

Answer 32

Answer: **VIGILES** ## Footnote B1. Your host gives a history lesson and tells you who organized the force of the **vigiles** Who? Answer: AUGUSTUS B2. Several different officials were in charge of the **vigiles**. Name one. Answer: **AEDILE/TRIBUNE/PRAEFECTUS**

Question 33

One of the other guests at the dinner party you are attending in Rome has been serving in the army and tells you that he is having his equipment repaired in the city. What does he call his leather body armor?

Answer 33

Answer: **LORICA** ## Footnote B1. The young man says he is also having his javelin repaired. What is that called? Answer: **PILUM** B2. When you ask him what he does in the army he says he carries a **vexillum**. What is his title?. Answer: **SIGNIFER**

Question 34

What was a **quadriga** in Rome? I will give you a hint, an **auriga** drove it.

Answer 34

Answer: (4 –HORSED) CHARIOT ## Footnote VISUAL (Pass out visual to team that gets the toss-up) You are looking at a monument in honor of Crescens, a charioteer. You have 10 seconds to examine it. (wait 10 seconds) B1. When did Crescens win his first race? Answer: DURING THE CONSULSHIP OF (L. VIPSTANIUS) MESSALLA OR ON NERVA’S BIRTHDAY B2. For what racing company did he drive? Answer: BLUES/VENATA

Question 35

Roads were important to the Romans and they built them to last. How many different layers the Romans prepare beneath the large stones that paved the roadway?

Answer 35

Answer: FOUR ## Footnote B1. What was the top layer of large stones called? Answer: **DORSUM** B2. Curbstones called **umbones** held the **dorsum** in place but outside of the **umbones** was a footpath what did the Romans call the footpath? Answer: **SEMITAE/MARGINES**

Question 36

In ancient Rome, what was a **fullō**?

Answer 36

DRY CLEANER ## Footnote B1: ...**tonsor**? BARBER B2: ...**sutor**? SHOE-MAKER

Question 37

What did the Romans call the person at the **comissatiō** who was the toast master?

Answer 37

**MAGISTER / ARTIBER / REX BIBENDĪ** ## Footnote B1: How was the **rex bibendī** chosen? BY A THROW OF THE DICE (VENUS THROW) B2: What was the name of the box in which the dice were thrown? **FRITILLUS**

Question 38

What objects, carried by the **lictōrēs**, symbolized the power of the king or consul to beat and kill?

Answer 38

**FASCĒS** ## Footnote B1: How many **Fascēs** was a Consul permitted to have? 12 B2: How many **Fascēs** was a Dictator permitted to have? 24

Question 39

Wealthier Roman homes contained an entryway to the front door which is often described as an open courtyard. What did the Romans call this?

Answer 39

**VESTIBULUM** ## Footnote B1: In order to enter the ātrium of a Roman house, one had to pass through what front door? OSTIUM B2: Over time the Romans developed different styles of the ātrium. Which style of ātrium had a sloped roof which carried water down the sides like a gutter? (ĀTRIUM) DISPLUVIATUM

Question 40

What Roman **praenōmen** originally indicated that the individual was descended from slaves?

Answer 40

**SERVIUS** ## Footnote B1: What Roman praenōmen originally meant "born by the light of day"? **LŪCIUS** B2: What Roman praenōmen originally meant "born in the morning"? **MĀNIUS**

Question 41

What hob-nailed boots were worn by soldiers?

Answer 41

**CALIGAE** ## Footnote B1: What was a Roman soldier's breastplate called? **LORICA** B2: What helmet was standard issue for a Roman soldier? **GALEA**

Question 42

What garment, sometimes refered to as the **cēnātōrium**, was worn by fashionable Roman men to dinner parties?

Answer 42

**SYNTHESIS** ## Footnote B1: What cloak was often worn by poorer Romans and philosophers? **ABOLLA** B2: What garment was worn after exercise much like a modern bathrobe? **ENDROMIS**