Stats

Question 1

What is inferential stats?

Answer 1

Make generalisations about the population.

Expressed as a p-value

Question 2

What is univariate data?

Answer 2

Only answers simple questions.

1 variable.

Question 3

What is bivariate data?

Answer 3

Answers how,why,when.

2 catergorical, 2 continuous or 1 categorical or 1 continuous.

Question 4

What are residuals?

Answer 4

Unexplained variance.

Closer to 0 the less prediction error.

Question 5

What does linear regression explain?

Answer 5

How well one variable predicts another

Question 6

What do scatterplot show?

Answer 6

Orientation and pattern of data.

How much/type of relationship.

Question 7

What does multiple testing result in?

Answer 7

One of the tests becoming significant by chance.

Question 8

What are parametric statistical models?

Answer 8

Make assumptions about the input they receive.

Question 9

What predictor is linear regression?

Answer 9

Continuous

Question 10

What predictor is ANOVA/ t-tests

Answer 10

Categorical

Question 11

What does multiple r squared show?

Answer 11

X100

Shows the % variance explained by the model.

Question 12

What are independent t tests?

Answer 12

Establishes whether 2 means collected from independant samples differ significantly

Question 13

What are paired sample t-tests

Answer 13

Where her mean difference between two sets of observations is 0.

Question 14

What are paired observations ?

Answer 14

Data collected from same participant for both sets of observations.

Question 15

What’s an ANOVA?

Answer 15

Analysis of variance
Estimated significant differences between a set of means.
Compared variance within and between groups

Question 16

When can issues with multiple testing happen?

Answer 16

Unplanned analysis.
Analysing before data collection is finished.
Looking for differences among groups using a number of outcome measures.

Question 17

Why use inferential data analysis?

Answer 17

Make important decisions about theories, interventions-need to be sure data is accurate
Statistically significant.
Reliability.

Question 18

How do you choose which inferential test to use?

Answer 18

Comparing 2+ groups- ANOVA or t-test.

Relationship between variables- Pearson’s correlation or linear regression.

Question 19

When should you use a t-test?

Answer 19

2 groups /conditions, between design= independant t test

Within design =paired t test.

Question 20

When to use a correlation?

Answer 20

Continuous predictor, association with the relationship.

Question 21

When to use linear regression?

Answer 21

Continuous predictor, prediction of relationship.

Question 22

When to use ANOVA!

Answer 22

Categorical predictor, 3+ groups

Question 23

What’s the bull hypothesis?

Answer 23

no difference between certain characteristics of a population

Question 24

What do we conclude if the p value is bigger than 0.05?

Answer 24

We fail to reject the null hypothesis. The evidence is inconclusive.

Question 25

How do you work out df for groups in anova?

Answer 25

Number of groups -1

Question 26

How do you work out the dd for residuals in ANOVA?

Answer 26

Number of observations - groups.

Question 27

How do you work out the mean square values in ANOVA?

Answer 27

Sun of squares- divided by df.