stats chapter 1

Question 1

Descriptive Statistics

Answer 1

organizing and summarizing data

Question 2

inferential statistics

Answer 2

formal methods to drawing conclusions from data

Question 3

probability

Answer 3

a mathematical tool used to study randomness

Question 4

population

Answer 4

whole group, group I want to know about, parameter is fixed

Question 5

variable

Answer 5

a characteristic or measurement that can be determined for each member of a population (x or y or z), numerical or categorical

Question 6

data

Answer 6

actual values of the variable, datum

Question 7

qualitative data

Answer 7

the result of categorizing or describing attributes of a population
ex: hair color, eye color, type of car

Question 8

quantitative data

Answer 8

always numerical from counting or measuring

Question 9

quantitative discrete data

Answer 9

a variable that can only take specific numeric values

ex: number of needle punctures

Question 10

quantitative continuous data

Answer 10

data involving numbers that could change over time

ex: height or temperature

Question 11

sampling

Answer 11

a sample should have the same characteristics as the population its representing

Question 12

simple random sample

Answer 12

a type of probability sampling where the researcher randomly selects a subset of participants from a population
ex: names of 25 employees being chosen from a hat with 150 employees names

Question 13

convince sample

Answer 13

drawing from a population that is close at hand or convenient. it is a non probability type of sample

Question 14

stratified sample

Answer 14

researchers divide subjects into subgroups based on characteristics they share, once divided each subgroup is randomly sampled using another probability sampling method.

Question 15

cluster sample

Answer 15

When researchers divide population into small clusters and then randomly select some of the samples as they go

Question 16

systematic sample

Answer 16

select a random starting point and then select every Nth subject in the population

Question 17

center

Answer 17

a rep. or average value that indicates where the middle of the data set is located

Question 18

variation

Answer 18

a measure of the amount that the values vary among themselves

Question 19

distribution

Answer 19

the nature or shape of data

Question 20

outliers

Answer 20

sample values that lie very far away from the majority of the other sample values