Stats M. 2

Question 1

relative frequency distribution

Answer 1

listing of distinct values and their relative frequencies (proportions or percentages)

Numerical summary for categorical data

Question 2

Bar Chart

Answer 2

Graphical Summary for categorical data
-bars do not touch each other

Question 3

Pareto diagram

Answer 3

graphical summary for categorical data

Question 4

pie chart

Answer 4

graphical summary for categorical data

Question 5

Mean

Answer 5

sum of observations divided by the number of observations

numerical summary for quantitative data

sensitive to/affected by extreme values

Question 6

median

Answer 6

the number that divides the bottom 50% of the data from the top 50% of the data

numerical summary for quantitative data

not sensitive to/not affected by extreme values

Question 7

mode

Answer 7

any value that occurs with the greatest frequency

numerical summary for quantitative data

Question 8

percentiles

Answer 8

indicate the point below which a certain percentage of observations fall`

Question 9

quartiles

Answer 9

special type of percentile that divides data into quarters

Question 10

Q1

Answer 10

25%

Question 11

Q2

Answer 11

median- 50%

Question 12

Q3

Answer 12

75%

Question 13

standard deviation

Answer 13

tells us whether the observations within the data set tend to be close to the mean or far away from the mean

numerical summary for quantitative data

Question 14

IQR

Answer 14

the difference between Q3 and Q1
tells us about the variability of the middle 50%

numerical summary for quantitative data

Question 15

range

Answer 15

difference between the maximum and minimum value

numerical summary for quantitative data

Question 16

Dotplot

Answer 16

graphical summary for quantitative data

Question 17

histogram

Answer 17

graphical summary for quantitative data

Bars touch

Question 18

density plot

Answer 18

graphical summary for quantitative data

Question 19

box plot

Answer 19

graphical summary for quantitative data
5 number summary (minimum, Q1, median, Q3, maximum)

Question 20

time plots

Answer 20

graphical summary for quantitative data

Question 21

S.O.C.S

Answer 21

Shape
Outliers
Center
Spread

Question 22

Shape

Answer 22

Unimodal, bimodal, multimodal
skewness or symmetrical
-left skewed= tail goes to negative side
-right skewed=tail goes to positive side

Question 23

Outliers

Answer 23

unusual values

Question 24

Center
-symmetric + no outliers

Answer 24

Report the mean

Question 25

Center -skewed +/or outliers

Answer 25

report the median

Question 26

Spread -symmetric + no outliers

Answer 26

report the standard deviation

Question 27

Spread -skewed +/or outliers

Answer 27

report the IQR

Question 28

Comparative graphical displays (quantitative + categorical)

Answer 28

SOCS Histogram + box plot

Question 29

Bivariate Data

Answer 29

data that contains 2 variables

Question 30

Association (Bivariate Data)

Answer 30

a relationship between two variables

Question 31

Response Variable (Bivariate Data)

Answer 31

measured to make comparisons between groups

Question 32

Explanatory Variable (Bivariate Data)

Answer 32

explains the value of the response variable

Question 33

contingency table

Answer 33

a frequency distribution for bivariate data (also called a two-way or cross-tabulation table)

Question 34

conditional proportions (Bivariate Data)

Answer 34

proportions based on the explanatory variable for the categories of the response variable (divide each cell count by the corresponding row total)

Question 35

No association (Bivariate Data)

Answer 35

values (%) within each column or bar heights of same color are similar

Question 36

Yes association (Bivariate Data)

Answer 36

values (%) within each column or bar heights of same color are different

Question 37

comparative bar chart

Answer 37

a chart that compares the conditional proportion of the response variable within each category of the explanatory variable

Question 38

Mosaic plots

Answer 38

another comparative chart

Question 39

Scatterplots

Answer 39

summarize bivariate quantitative data

Question 40

Positive Association (bivariate quantitative data)

Answer 40

as values of one variable increase, so do values of the other

Question 41

Negative association (bivariate quantitative data)

Answer 41

as values of one variable increase, values of the other variable decrease

Question 42

No association (bivariate quantitative data)

Answer 42

no apparent relationship between the two variables

Question 43

correlation

Answer 43

measure of the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two variable

Question 44

weak correlation

Answer 44

positive: 0 < r < 0.4 negative: -0.4 < r < 0

Question 45

moderate correlation

Answer 45

positive: 0.4 < r < 0.8 negative: -0.8 < r < -0.4

Question 46

strong correlation

Answer 46

positive: 0.8 < r < 1 negative: -1 < r < -0.8