Staying in balance

Question 1

what is homeostasis?

Answer 1

keeping a constant internal environment

Question 2

what does homeostasis involve?

Answer 2

balancing bodily inputs and outputs

Question 3

what do automatic control systems do? an what does this make sure?

Answer 3

they keep the levels of temperature, water and carbon dioxide steady. This makes sure all cells can work at their optimum (best) level

Question 4

what do receptors do?

Answer 4

to detect when things such as temperature change.

Question 5

what do we need a processing centre for?

Answer 5

to receive this information and coordinate our response.

Question 6

what do effectors do?

Answer 6

they produce a response that ensures our body temperature stays at 37°C.

Question 7

what happens if our body gets too hot?

Answer 7

blood vessels in our skin vasodilate (become larger) and we lose heat and cool down.

Question 8

what happens if our body gets too cold?

Answer 8

If we get too cold blood vessels in our skin vasoconstrict (become smaller), we lose less heat and our body warms up. Negative feedback makes sure this happens.

Question 9

why is homeostasis important?

Answer 9

for our cells to function properly

Question 10

Which of the following artificial systems is a model for how homeostasis works?

a camera

a lawn mower

an incubator

Answer 10

an incubator

Question 11

Which of these statements about negative feedback is true?

Changes are ignored, causing a fall in the set level.

Changes are ignored, causing a rise in the set level.

Changes are reversed and returned back to the set level.

Answer 11

Changes are reversed and returned back to the set level.

Question 12

what else does negative feedback control?

Answer 12

salt levels and oxygen in the blood

Question 13

what does negative feedback make sure?

Answer 13

Changes are reversed and returned back to the set level.

Question 14

what can a high temperature cause?

Answer 14

heat stroke and dehydration

Question 15

what can a very low temperature cause?

Answer 15

hypothermia

Question 16

what is blood temperature monitored by?

Answer 16

the hypothalamus gland in the brain

Question 17

what is the body’s temperature?

Answer 17

37 degrees

Question 18

what is the body temperature of 37 degrees linked to?

Answer 18

the optimum temperature for many enzymes

Question 19

what happens when you have heat stroke?

Answer 19

skin becomes cold and clammy and pulse is rapid and weak

Question 20

how does sweating help us?

Answer 20

it decreases our temperature so it matches with our environment

Question 21

what does the evaporation of sweat require the body to do?

Answer 21

it requires body heat to change the liquid sweat into water vapour

Question 22

what would happen if you had hypothermia?

Answer 22

slow pulse rate, violent shivering, can be fatal

Question 23

what controls temperature extremes (over heat or under heat)?

Answer 23

nerves and hormonal system which trigger vasoconstriction and vasodilation

Question 24

what controls blood sugar levels?

Answer 24

a hormone called insulin

Question 25

why is hormone action slower than nervous reactions?

Answer 25

because the hormone travel in the blood

Question 26

what is type one diabetes caused by?

Answer 26

the pancreas not producing any insulin.

Question 27

what is type two diabetes caused by? and how can it be controlled?

Answer 27

either by the body producing too little insulin or the body not reaction to it.

Question 28

what does insulin do?

Answer 28

insulin converts excess glucose in the blood into glycogen which is stored in the liver. This regulates the blood sugar levels

Question 29

how is type 1 diabetes cured?

Answer 29

does of insulin

Question 30

how is type 2 diabetes cured?

Answer 30

controlled by diet

Question 31

at what temperature do cells work best?

Answer 31

37 degrees

Question 32

if the body gets too hot or too cold what would stop working?

Answer 32

the enzymes in the body

Question 33

name 3 activities that keep heat in your body

Answer 33

shivering, exercising and reduced sweating

Question 34

name the stages that stop smells from sweat

Answer 34

taking a shower and wearing anti-perspirant stop bacteria from living on sweat and causing smell.

Question 35

what is the level of glucose in the blood called?

Answer 35

your blood sugar level

Question 36

what is glucose carried by in the body?

Answer 36

in the plasma

Question 37

what happens when the level of glucose in the blood are too high?

Answer 37

insulin converts the excess glucose into glycogen, stored in the liver

Question 38

what happens when the level of insulin is too low?

Answer 38

a lot of glucose is removed from her body by kidneys. This is exerted through urine