Steering, Alignment And Suspension Flashcards
(22 cards)
What must be inspected on steering, alignment and suspension?
Entire steering system including steering wheel, steering column, lash, linkage, free play and power steering for missing, loose, damaged or worn parts
What is inspected on the steering wheel?
Steering wheel shall be inspected to determine if it is circular, free of cracks, breaks, or objects that will interfere with the safe steering of the vehicle.
Inspection will also determine that the steering wheel is original equipment or equivalent, including diameter.
Special equipment for disabled is acceptable if:
It’s part of manual controls including steering knobs
Readily accessible within arms length and not binding, damaged or jammed
Objects on steering column:
Will fail inspection
Inspect steering column for:
- Sheer capsule
- Movement in column with steering wheel
- Indication of being collapsed
- objects mounted that would prevent steering column to collapse upon impact
How do you check steering lash?
Front wheels in straight ahead position, turn steering wheel until the turning motion can be observed at the road wheels, measure lash. ENGINE MUST BE RUNNING ON POWER STEERING VEHICLES
How is steering last measured?
Ruler or bar vertical at the center of the steering wheel - measure lash by turning wheel left to right.
Explain unacceptable steering lash
16” steering wheel may have no more than 2 inches
18” steering wheel may have no more than 2 1/4 inches
20” steering wheel may have no more than 2 1/2 inches
22” steering wheel may have no more than 2 3/4 inches
Rack and pinion steering may have no more than .4 inches (10mm)
Explain steering travel
Turn steering wheel full left and right and feel for binding or jamming conditions, if any it is a failure
Explain how to check steering PLAY
Front end of vehicle lifted properly, grasp front and rear of tire and shake left and right and record movement at front or rear of sidewall
Looseness is felt on tie rods and or drag link balls and sockets
Any looseness will fail
Checking steering lash, how do you eliminate wheel bearing play to check properly?
Brakes must be applied with brake depressor or another person (except vehicles with inboard brakes
Joints are missing secured with coffee pins or other locking device
Vehicle fails
Steering stops allow tire to rub frame metal or chassis parts
Vehicle fails
Checking power steering on rack and pinion:
Check for looseness, damage, deterioration or leakage in whole system
Explain checking power steering system as a whole
ENGINE RUNNING, check for belts that are frayed, loose or cracked
FLUID LEVEL
Check whole system for hoses rubbing by moving parts or leakage
Pump mountings for looseness, malfunction or breakage
Power steering removes but not fully converted to manual steering
How to check alignment for MSI
Drive vehicle and observe pulling or other indications of misalignment
Visually check misalignment of rear wheels
How do you check for misalignment of rear wheels?
Measure wheelbase on both sides of vehicle. It may not differ more than 1 inch
What should be inspected on the suspension?
Wheel bearings, ball joints, control arms, springs, torsion bars and frame for stability.
How should ball joints be checked?
In accordance with manufactures specifications
With a 12”-18” pry bar
Ball joint shall be unloaded.
Where and how do you measure ball joint movement?
Properly jacked, with proper pry bar with lifting motion sufficient enough to overcome the weight of the wheel assembly, move wheel up and down and observe movement with a dial indicator AT THE SIDEWALL of tire.
List reasons why ball joints would fail inspection.
Movement in excess of manufacturers specifications.
Equipped with a tightener or repair kit
Ball joint has been heated or bent to eliminate movement.
