Stem

Question 1

• Described as the “central axis”
• Part of the plant that holds up other
  structures such as the leaves and flowers.

Answer 1

Stem

Question 2

A stem is an organ that consists of

Answer 2

• Nodes
• Internodes
• Axillary Bud
• Terminal or Apical Bud
• Lenticels

Question 3

The points at which leaves are attached

Answer 3

Nodes

Question 4

The segments between nodes

Answer 4

Internodes

Question 5

It has the potential to form a lateral shoot, or branch

Answer 5

Auxiliary Bud

Question 6

It is located near the shoot tip and causes elongation of a young shoot

Answer 6

Terminal / Apical Bud

Question 7

Functions of the stem

Answer 7

• Support
• Conduction of water, nutrients, and products of photosynthesis
• Storage (water, starch)

Question 8

A creeping horizontal plant stem or runner that takes root at points along its length to form new plants.

Answer 8

Stolons

Question 9

Are vertical, underground shoots consisting
mostly of the enlarged bases of leaves that store food

Answer 9

Bulbs

Question 10

Chemical that Onion releases

Answer 10

syn-Propanethial-S-oxide

Question 11

Are enlarged ends of rhizomes specialized for storing food

Answer 11

Tubers

Question 12

A horizontal stem that grows just below the surface or emerges and grows along the
surface.

Answer 12

Rhizomes

Question 13

A short, enlarged stem growing vertically underground that stores food; found in taro (Colocasia esculenta)

Answer 13

Corms

Question 14

Enlarged (swollen) fleshy stems in cacti while the spines are modified leaves

Answer 14

Cladophylls

Question 15

The vascular bundles are scattered throughout the ground tissue, rather than forming a ring

Answer 15

Monocot stem

Question 16

The vascular tissue consists of vascular bundles arranged in a ring

Answer 16

Gymnosperms and most eudicots

Question 17

What kind of plant does primary and secondary growth occur simultaneously but in different locations

Answer 17

Woody plants

Question 18

Primary growth produces what part of the plants body

Answer 18

Primary body

Question 19

The parts of the root and shoot system are produced by the

Answer 19

Apical meristem

Question 20

• Responsible for increases in stem/root diameter
• Occurs in stems and roots of woody plant but rarely in leaves
• Produces the secondary plant body
• Consists of the tissues produced by the vascular cambium and cork cambium

Answer 20

Secondary growth

Question 21

What are the two types of initials that appear as a ring with interspersed regions of dividing cells in the vascular cambium?

Answer 21

Fusiform initials and ray initials

Question 22

The older layers of secondary xylem, what do you call the part that no longer transport water and minerals, function only as support

Answer 22

Heartwood

Question 23

The outer layer that still transport materials through the xylem

Answer 23

Sapwood

Question 24

• Gives rise to the secondary plant body’s protective covering, or periderm
• In roots it is derived initially from pericycle while in stems from the
  cortex

Answer 24

Cork cambium (phellogen)

Question 25

• Consists of the cork cambium plus the layers of cork cells (cork) it produces to the outside and a layer of living secondary tissue to the inside (phelloderm)

Answer 25

Periderm

Question 26

• Consists of all the tissues external to the vascular cambium, including secondary phloem and periderm

Answer 26

Bark