Stem Cells Pg.16 🩵 Flashcards
(24 cards)
Stem cells can _______ into different types of cells.
Differentiate.
Cells differentiate (change) to become _______ for their job.
Specialised.
_________ cells are called stem cells.
Undifferentiated.
Stem cells can produce _____ ______ undifferentiated cells and differentiate into ________ types of _____.
Lots more.
Different.
Cells.
Stem cells found in early _______ embryos are called __________ stem cells.
Human.
Embryonic.
Embryonic stem cells can turn into any kind of _____.
Cell.
______ also have stem cells. They’re only in ________ _________ in the body, like _______ _______ ( a tissue inside bones).
Adults.
Certain places.
Bone marrow.
Adult stem cells can only _______ certain types of specialised cells e.g. blood cells.
Produce.
Stem cells from embryos and bone marrow can be ______ in a lab.
The cloned cells can be used in ________ or _________.
Cloned.
Medicine or research.
Stem cells may be able to cure many _______.
Diseases.
Embryonic stem cells could be used to replace _________ _____ in sick people.
Faulty cells.
It’s possible to make an _______ that has the same _____ as a patient. This is called _______ _______.
Embryo.
Genes.
Therapeutic cloning.
This means that the stem cells from the embryo wouldn’t be ________ by the patients body.
Rejected.
However, there are _____ involved in using stem cells in medicine. For example, the stem cells could be _______ with a virus. The virus could be _______ __ to a patient and make them _______.
Risks.
Infected.
Passes on.
Sicker.
Some people feel embryos __________ be used for research because each one could be a ________ _____.
Shouldn’t.
Human life.
Others think that ________ _________ who are suffering is _______ important than the rights of embryos.
Curing patients.
More.
They argue that the embryos used in research are usually ________ ____ from fertility clinics. If they weren’t used for research, would probably just be _________.
Unwanted ones.
Destroyed.
Some people feel that scientists should be finding ________ _______ of stem cells.
Other sources.
Stem cells can _______ identical plants.
Produce.
Plants have _____ called meristems.
Tissues.
Meristems are where _______ occurs - in the tips of roots and ______.
Growth.
Shoots.
The meristems _________ stem cells that can differentiate into any type of _______ _______.
They can do this through the plants whole ______.
Contain.
Plant cell.
Life.
These stem cells can be used to make clones or plants _______ and _______.
Clones can be made of:
Rare species - to prevent them being ______ ____.
Crop plants that have features that are useful for ________, e.g. plants aren’t killed by a disease.
Quickly and cheaply.
Wiped out.
Farmers.
How can stem cells be used to preserve rare plant species?
Copies of the plant can be made by taking stem cells from the meristem of the plant and growing them into new, genetically identical plants (clones).
