Stems

Question 1

Constitutes the ascending axis of the plant

Answer 1

Stem

Question 2

Give 4 main functions of the Stem

Answer 2

• Provide mechanical support (framework)
  Facilitate photosynthesis
  Elevate flowers and fruits for pollination and seed dispersal
• Provides a pathway for the movement of water and minerals

Question 3

swollen part where leaves, branches and buds are

attached

Answer 3

Nodes

Question 4

distance between two successive nodes

Answer 4

Internodes

Question 5

small, raised dots, ridges for gaseous exchange

Answer 5

lenticels

Question 6

mark below the axillary bud after a leaf has

fallen

Answer 6

leaf scar

Question 7

undeveloped shoot

Answer 7

Bud

Question 8

cut ends of vascular bundle seen within each

leaf scar

Answer 8

Bundle scar

Question 9

angle between the leaf and the stem

Answer 9

Leaf axil

Question 10

responsible for Elongation of Internodes

Answer 10

Intercalary

Question 11

fascicle or also called compressed set of vascular tissues

Answer 11

Vascular bundle

Question 12

outer collenchyma and parenchyma

Answer 12

Cortex

Question 13

1. open bundle with vascular cambium

2. closed bundle

Answer 13

1. Dicot

2. Monocot

Question 14

extension of pith between 2 vascular bundle

Answer 14

Pith ray

Question 15

Difference between Intrafascicular and Interfascicular

Answer 15

Intra - cambium within 2 vasc, bundles

Inter cambium between 2 vascular bundle

Question 16

smaller through time because of secondary xylem

Answer 16

Pith

Question 17

Bundle sheath cells is for _____

Vascular cambium is for _____

Answer 17

Monocot

Dicot

Question 18

Big - V

Small - T

Answer 18

Vessel

Tracheid

Question 19

3 sections in young dicot stem

Answer 19

Dermal
Cortex
Stele

Question 20

Young dicot stem has

Answer 20

eustele or vascular cylinder

Question 21

The arrangement of vascular bundles in monocot stem is _____ and is enclosed by _____

Answer 21

scattered or dispersed ; bundle sheath

Question 22

loose ring of vascular bundles

Answer 22

eustele

Question 23

1. Storage parenchyma

2. Albuminous cells

Answer 23

Ray initials

Question 24

1. Tracheid, vessel elem, fibers

2. SIeve cell, sieve tube members, companion cells, fibers

Answer 24

Fusiform initials

Question 25

___ system forms ray initials

Answer 25

Radial

Question 26

___ system forms fusiform initials

Answer 26

Axial

Question 27

dicot; strengthens and with lots of fibers and vessel elements

Answer 27

Hardwood

Question 28

dark inner and suberized and lignified wood tha provide support

Answer 28

Heartwood

Question 29

wood of gymnosperms

Answer 29

Soft wood

Question 30

lighter that heartwood and is functional

Answer 30

sapwood

Question 31

is 2* present in modern ferns?

Answer 31

No, it is absent

Question 32

is 2* present in monocot?

Answer 32

No, it is absent. | Some have anomalous 2* growth

Question 33

is 2* present in gymno?

Answer 33

YEs

Question 34

is 2* present in dicot

Answer 34

YEs

Question 35

annual rings are late ___

Answer 35

Xylem

Question 36

early wood are ____ | Late wood are ____

Answer 36

spring | Summer

Question 37

Upper side of stem produces many special gelatinous fibers whose walls are rich in cellulose.

Answer 37

Angiosperm: Tension Wood

Question 38

Underside of the branch produces fibers whose walls are rich in lignin.

Answer 38

Gymnosperm : Compression Wood

Question 39

Pine stems have ___

Answer 39

resin ducts

Question 40

advantage of Anomalous Secondary Growht in Potato

Answer 40

speed production of storage capacity

Question 41

advantage of included Phloem

Answer 41

protection of phloem from insects by one to several layers of wood.

Question 42

Outermost cells of 2* vasc. bundles develop into ___ with thick secondary walls

Answer 42

Fibes

Question 43

short stem covered with fleshy blades for storage and reproduction give example

Answer 43

Bulb onion

Question 44

green stem for photosynthesis, reproduction and storage ex.

Answer 44

Cladodes - cactus

Question 45

scaly underground stem for reproduction and storage | ex.

Answer 45

Rhizome - ginger

Question 46

Swollen outgrowths of stolon for storage and reproduction | ex.

Answer 46

Tubers | solanum tuberosum

Question 47

for protection in stem of ___

Answer 47

Hooks; rose

Question 48

horizontal stems w/ adventitous buds; for repro on new plants ex

Answer 48

Stolons | strawberry

Question 49

Vertical and short underground stem for repro and storage | ex.

Answer 49

Corm | ex. gabi ot taro

Question 50

climbing or twining stem support

Answer 50

Twiner