Stereoisomerism

Question 1

types of stereroisomers?

Answer 1

optical isomers and geometric isomers

Question 2

what does optical stereoisomerism describe?

Answer 2

the different placement pf certain atoms or groups of atoms around one atom in a molecule. The chemical structure has the same formula and semi-structural formula

Question 3

where has the term optical isomer come from?

Answer 3

the way the chemicals interact with plane-polarised light and the way they rotate the polarised light

• left (anticlockwise)
• right (clockwise)

Question 4

oscillation of light

Answer 4

a polarised lens oscillates the light into a single plane and different samples rotate that light differently

Question 5

chirality

Answer 5

cannot be superimposed
carbon atom is attached to 4 different environments eg amino acids are always chiral
C*

Question 6

achiral

Answer 6

can be superimposed (each half is identical)

Question 7

enantiomers

Answer 7

pair of chiral compounds

• same physical properties such as solubility, melting and boiling temperatures but how they polarise light is unique
• can interact differently with other chiral molecules eg. birth defect stuff

Question 8

active and inactive enantiomers

Answer 8

match receptor or are not matches

Question 9

geometric isomers

Answer 9

occur when there is a rotation restriction- stops atoms freely moving around a central molecule

Question 10

trans

Answer 10

swaps sides

Question 11

cis

Answer 11

same side