Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination Flashcards
Part 2 (Social Perception) - Chapter 5 (9 cards)
What is social categorization?
The process of classifying people into groups based on shared characteristics. While efficient, it can lead to stereotyping and bias.
What is a stereotype?
A generalized belief or assumption about the characteristics of a group of people.
What is prejudice?
A preconceived, typically negative, attitude or judgement toward a group and its members.
What is discrimination?
Unfair or unequal treatment of individuals based on their group membership.
What is ingroup favouritism?
The tendency to favour members of one’s own group over those of other groups.
What is the outgroup homogeneity effect?
The perception that members of an outgroup re more similar to each other than members of the ingroup.
What is the social identity theory (Tajfel & Turner, 1979)?
A theory proposing that people derive part of their self-concept from the groups to which they belong, leading to ingroup favouritism and intergroup discrimination.
What is the minimal group paradigm (Tajfel, 1970)?
An experimental paradigm demonstrating that even arbitrary and minimal distinctions between groups can lead to discrimination and ingroup favouritism.
What is stereotype threat (Steele & Aronson, 1995)?
The fear of confirming negative stereotypes about one’s group, which can impair performance and behaviour.
