Stereotyping And Prejudice I & II

Question 0

Stereotypes don’t have to be necessarily evaluative and can be what?

Answer 0

Informal
Negative
Positive

Question 1

What are stereotypes?

Answer 1

Knowledge, beliefs and expectations about a particular group of people or a person.

Question 2

What is an example of informal stereotypes?

Answer 2

“Dancers are energetic”

Question 3

What is an example of a negative stereotype?

Answer 3

“Lawyers are greedy”

Question 4

What is an example of a positive stereotype?

Answer 4

“Doctors are caring”

Question 5

How are stereotypes formed?

Answer 5

Basic categorisation: social identity theory (Tajfel and Turner, 1986)

Question 6

What is the essence of Tajfel and Turner, 1986 social identity theory?

Answer 6

Automatic classification; us vs them mentality (in group out group)

Question 7

How are stereotypes adaptive?

Answer 7

They allow us to quickly guide our thoughts and behaviours about affiliation, resource sharing etc

Question 8

How are stereotypes used?

Answer 8

In group favouritism: relative reference for selective affiliation with individuals who are considered to be part of our group

Question 9

What is out group derogation?

Answer 9

Relative denial of resources and affiliation with individuals who are not considered to be part of our own group

Question 10

What are two self serving functions of stereotypes?

Answer 10

Ego defence and self esteem maintainence

Question 11

Negative stereotypes allow for justification of large scale what?

Answer 11

Biases and discrimination

Question 12

How do stereotypes lead to prejudice?

Answer 12

Negative attitude towards a group

Question 13

What are the three components of prejudice attitude?

Answer 13

Cognitive component (stereotype about a group)
Affective component (feelings about a group)
Behavioural component (discrimination about a group)

Question 14

How is prejudice informed by stereotypes? (Friske, 1998)

Answer 14

Men: high competence, low warmth
Women: low competence, high warmth

Question 15

Modern prejudice in Australia: Pederson and Hartley, 2011

Answer 15

Muslim women were perceived more positively than Muslims in general and Muslims in general perceived more positively than Muslim men.

Question 16

Bias map (Coddy et al. 2007)

Answer 16

Universal dimensions of interpersonal perception

• Warmth: good natured, trustworthy, tolerant, friendly and sincere
• Competence: capable, skilful, intelligent and confident

Question 17

Emotions do what in prejudice?

Answer 17

Mediate cognitions or discrimination

Question 18

Stereotype content model (Fiske et al 2002)

Answer 18

Groups perceived simultaneously in terms of both warmth and competence; differences boil down to competition and status. (Non competitive- others judged to be warm, high status- others judged to be competent)

Question 19

Bias map: what does bias stand for?

Answer 19

Behaviours from Intergroup Affect and Stereotype map.

Question 20

What are the two dimensions of the bias map?

Answer 20

Active vs passive behaviours

Question 21

Bias map have direct vs indirect effects on out groups in what sense of behaviour?

Answer 21

Facilitation vs harm behaviours (and prosocial vs antisocial orientations)

Question 22

What are active facilitation and active active harm?

Answer 22

Active facilitation (acting for)
Active harm (acting against)

Question 23

What are passive harm and passive facilitation?

Answer 23

Passive facilitation (acting with)
Passive harm (acting without)