Sterilization

Question 1

Prevention of Contact with Microoganisms by disinfecetion and sterilization

Answer 1

Asepsis

Question 2

Process that kill all forms of Microbes physical and chem

Answer 2

Sterilization

Question 3

Eliminates many pathogens(not spores… inhibit growth)

Answer 3

Disinfections

Question 4

Antiseptic

Answer 4

Living, stops growth or action of microorganisms

Question 5

Disinfectants

Answer 5

Non-living

Question 6

physical disinfection

Answer 6

Bioling, filter, paseurization

Question 7

Phsical Steriliation

Answer 7

Heat, Radiation, UV

Question 8

Chemical Sterilization

Answer 8

Gases

Question 9

Chemical Disinfection

Answer 9

Liquids

Question 10

Infections that origninate in hospital like settings

Answer 10

Nosocomial Infection

Question 11

Infections acquired before administration

Answer 11

Community-acquired

Question 12

Infections acquired after administrat

Answer 12

Nosocomial infections

Question 13

Patients own microbiota

Answer 13

Endogenous

Question 14

Transmission of organism from external enviroment to patient

Answer 14

Exogenous

Question 15

Causes a range of illness from skin to wound to pneumonia and blood. LEads to steptous and death. Most common healthcare-associated infection

Answer 15

MRSA

Question 16

Few treatment bacteria due to antibiotic resistance

Answer 16

VRSA

Question 17

A set of coordinated strategies to improve the use of antimicrobial meds with to reduce resistance to antibiotic and reduce costs

Answer 17

Antimicrobials stewardship

Question 18

Substances used to treat infectous disease

Answer 18

Antimicrobials

Question 19

Antibacterials come from

Answer 19

Fungi or bacteria, also chem synthesized

Question 20

The lowest concentration able to inhibit microorganisms growth in vitro

Answer 20

Minimal inhibitory concentration

Question 21

Target of Antibacterials

Answer 21

that which is not present in eukaryotes (cell wall, 70s ribosome, Folic acid synth)

Question 22

Cell wall targeting

Answer 22

Penicillins, VAncomycin

Question 23

DNA synth target

Answer 23

Fluoroquinoones

Question 24

RNA synth target

Answer 24

Rifamycins

Question 25

Plasma membrane target

Answer 25

Polymvxins

Question 26

Ribsome target

Answer 26

Aminoglycoside(30s), macrolides(50s)

Question 27

Folic acid target

Answer 27

Sulfonamides

Question 28

What is Penicillin

Answer 28

A beta Lactam

Question 29

What is Vancomycin

Answer 29

Non-beta-lactam (glycopeptide antimicrobials)

Question 30

How Beta-LActams work

Answer 30

Bind to transpeptidase and inhibit cross linking of amino acid side chains

Question 31

What is Transpeptidase

Answer 31

Penicillin-binding proteins (target of Beta lactams)

Question 32

Action of Non-beta-lactams

Answer 32

Inhibit assembly of the linear peptiodglycan binding directly to amino acid side chains to prevent peptidoglycan cross linking

Question 33

Treat MRSA

Answer 33

Vancomycin

Question 34

Action of Chloramohenicol

Answer 34

Bind to amino acids

Question 35

Macrolide action

Answer 35

Bind to tRNA and 50s

Question 36

Action of Streptogramins and oxazolidinones

Answer 36

50s block

Question 37

Action of AMinoglycosides

Answer 37

30s block

Question 38

Action of Tetracyclins

Answer 38

30s block

Question 39

Action of sulfonamides and trimethoprin

Answer 39

Inhibit folate synth

Question 40

Action of Rifampin

Answer 40

Inhibit RNA polymerase

Question 41

Action of Metronidazole

Answer 41

Breaks DNA

Question 42

Action of Quinolones

Answer 42

inhibit DNA topoisomers and gyrase

Question 43

Action of amphotericin

Answer 43

Bind to sterol-contain membranes of fungi

Question 44

Action of polymyxins

Answer 44

Disrupt gram negative outer membrane as a detergent

Question 45

Mechanisms of Resistance

Answer 45

``` Efflux pumps Blocked Penetraion Altered target Enzymatic inactivation Genetic resitsance ```

Question 46

Why MRSA is reistant to Methicillin

Answer 46

Altered PBP's

Question 47

treating MRSA

Answer 47

Non-beta lactans

Question 48

Why can't Vancomysin attack VRSA

Answer 48

Altered peptide is a dipeptide so reduced affininty

Question 49

the innate ability of a bcaterial species to resist activty of antimicrobial agent though structure and function characteristis

Answer 49

Intrinisc Resitsance

Question 50

when a speices develops resistance to anitbiotic

Answer 50

Acquired resitsance

Question 51

Mutational resistanec

Answer 51

Mutation chanages ti so antibacterial no longer has effect