STERNUM/RIBS/SKULL PATHOLOGY Flashcards
(18 cards)
PECTUS CARINATUM (pigeon breast)
ANTERIOR PROTRUSION OF THE LOWER STERNUM AND XIPHOID PROCESS.
PECTUS EXCAVATUM
ALSO REFERRED TO AS FUNNEL CHEST. THIS DEFORMITY IS CHARACTERIZED BY A DEPRESSED STERNUM.
FLAIL CHEST
FRACTURE OF ADJACENT RIBS IN TWO OR MORE PLACES. CAUSED BY BLUNT TRAUMA AND IS ASSOCIATED WITH PULMONARY INJURY.
OSTEOMYELITIS
LOCALIZED INFECTION OF BONE AND MARROW IS USUALLY ASSOCIATED WITH POST OPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS OF OPEN HEART SURGERY, WHICH REQUIRE THE STERNUM TO BE SPLIT. CAUSE IS BACTERIAL INFECTION.
OSTEOLYTIC
DESTRUCTIVE LESIONS WITH IRREGULAR MARGINS.
OSTEOBLASTIC
PROLIFERATIVE BONY LESIONS OF INCREASED DENSITY
SKULL FRACTURE
DISRUPTIONS IN THE CONTINUITY OF BONES OF THE SKULL.
LINEAR FRACTURE
FRACTURES OF THE SKULL THAT MAY APPEAR AS JAGGED OR IRREGULAR LUCENT LINES THAT LIE AT RIGHT ANGLES TO THE AXIS OF THE BONE.
DEPRESSED FRACTURES
A FRAGMENT OF BONE THAT IS SEPERATED AND DEPRESSED INTO THE CRANIAL CAVITY. SOMETIMES CALLED A PING PONG FRACTURE
BASAL SKULL FRACTURES
FRACTURES THROUGH THE DENSE INNER STRUCTURES OF THE TEMPORAL BONE.
MULTIPLE MYELOMA
ONE OR MORE BONE TUMORS THAT ORIGINATE IN THE BONE MARROW.
NEOPLASM
NEW AND ABNORMAL GROWTH
PITUITARY ADENOMA
ENLARGEMENT OF THE SELLA TURCICA AND EROSION OF THE DORSUM SELLAE. ARE INVESTIGATED BY CT AND MRI.
PAGET’S DISEASE (OSTEITIS DEFORMANS)
A DISEASE OF UNKNOWN ORIGIN. BEGINS AS A STAGE OF BONY DESTRUCTION FOLLOWED BY BONY REPAIR. “COTTON WOOL APPEARANCE”
MASTOIDITIS
A BACTERIAL INFECTION OF THE MASTOID PROCESS THAT CAN DESTROY THE INNER PART OF THE MASTOID PROCESS.
ACOUSTIC NEUROMA
BENIGN TUMOR OF THE AUDITORY NERVE SHEATH ORIGINATED IN THE INTERNAL AUDITORY CANAL.
CHOLESTEATOMA
BENIGN CYST LIKE MASS OR TUMOR, WHICH IS MOST COMMON IN THE MIDDLE EAR OR MASTOID REGION DESTROYS BONE, WHICH CAN LEAD TO SERIOUS COMPLICATIONS.
OTOSCLEROSIS
HERIDITARY DISEASE WHICH INVOLVES EXCESSIVE SPONGY BONE FORMATION OF THE MIDDLE AND INNER EAR. MOST COMMON CAUSE OF HEARING LOSS IN ADULTS.
