STI chapter

Question 1

Four are currently curable:

Answer 1

syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and trichomoniasis

Question 2

Four are incurable:

Answer 2

hepatitis B, herpes simplex virus (HSV or herpes), HIV, and human papillomavirus (HPV)

Question 3

Chlamydia is caused by

Answer 3

chlamydia trachomatis (bacteria)

Question 3

Transmission mode of chlamydia is

Answer 3

vaginal, oral, anal, and childbirth

Question 4

Symptoms of chlamydia:

Answer 4

May be asymptomatic, dysuria, urinary frequency, dyspareunia, cervical discharge, endocervicitis, inflammations of the rectum and lining of the eye, can infect throat

Question 5

Recommended treatment for chlamydia:

Answer 5

Azithromycin (zithromax), Doxycycline (vibramycin), Erythromycin (EES), Levoflaxin Ofloxacin (Floxin)

Question 6

Gonorrhea is often co infected with ?

Answer 6

Chlamydia

Question 7

Gonorhea is caused by

Answer 7

Neisseria gonnorrhoeae (bacteria)

Question 8

Gonorrhea is transmitted by

Answer 8

vaginal, anal, oral, and childbirth

Question 9

Symptoms of gonorrhea

Answer 9

may be asymptomatic, dysuria, urinary frequency, vaginal discharge, dyspareunia, endocervicitis, arthritis, PID, rectal infection

Question 10

Treatment for gonorrhea

Answer 10

dual therapy with ceftriaxone and azithromycin

Question 11

What does the P in the PLISSIT model stand for?

Answer 11

Permission: Gives the woman permission to talk about her experience

Question 12

What does LI in the PLISSIT model stand for?

Answer 12

Limited Information: Info given to the woman about STI’s
-Factual info to dispel myths about STIs
-Specific measures to prevent transmission
-ways to reveal info to her partners
-physical consequences if the infections are untreated

Question 13

What does the SS in the PLISSIT model stand for?

Answer 13

Specific suggestions: an attempt to help woman change their behavior to prevent recurrence and prevent further transmission of the STI

Question 14

What does the IT in the PLISSIT model stand for?

Answer 14

Intensive therapy: involves referring the woman or couple for appropriate treatment elsewhere based on their life circumstances

Question 15

Common misconceptions about contraception:

Answer 15

-Breastfeeding protects against pregnancy
-“pull out”
-pregnancy cannot occur during menses
-douching after sex will prevent pregnancy
-pregnancy will not happen during the first sexual experience
-taking bc pills protects against STIs
-the woman is too old to get pregnant
-if female orgasm is not reached, conception is not likely
-irregular menstruation prevents pregnancy

Question 16

One of the most common causes of vaginal discharge. Also refers to as yeast, monilia, and a fungal infection

Answer 16

vaginal candidiasis

Question 17

Candida (fungus)

Answer 17

is a normal constituent in the vagina

Question 18

Treatment of vaginal candidiasis:

Answer 18

Miconazole cream or suppository; Clotrimazole tablet or cream; Terconazole cream or intravaginal suppository; Fluconazole oral tablet

Question 19

Preventive measures of vaginal Candidiasis:

Answer 19

-Reduce dietary intake of simple sugars and soda
-Wear white, 100% cotton underpants
-Avoid wearing tight pants, or exercise clothes with spandex
-Shower rather than taking baths
-Wash with a mild, unscented soap and dry the genitals gently
-Avoidance of douching or super-absorbent tampons
-remove wet bathing suits promptly

Question 20

Vaginal Candidiasis

Answer 20

A thick, white, curd-like discharge that sticks to the vaginal walls

Question 21

Trichomoniasis

Answer 21

another common vaginal infection that causes a discharge, but is not always sexually transmitted

Question 22

Trichomoniasis can live on

Answer 22

damp/wet surfaces and poorly cleaned/maintained hot tubs and drains

Question 23

Describe Trichomoniasis

Answer 23

A heavy yellow/green or gray frothy or bubbly discharge; vaginal pruritus and vulvar soreness; dyspareunia; cervix may bleed on contact; dysuria; vaginal odor

Question 24

Sexually associated infection characterized by alterations in vaginal flora in which lactobacilli in the vagina are replaced with high concentrations of anaerobic bacteria

Answer 24

Bacterial Vaginosis

Question 25

Bacterial Vaginosis is caused by

Answer 25

gram-negative bacillus G. Vaginalis

Question 26

Most prevalent cause of vaginal discharge or malodor

Answer 26

Bacterial vaginosis

Question 27

what percentage of women are asymptomatic that have BV

Answer 27

50%-75%

Question 28

Risk factors of BV:

Answer 28

Multiple sex partners, douching, and lack of vaginal lactobacilli

Question 29

Treatment of BV:

Answer 29

metronidazole (oral or gel) or clindamycin cream

Question 30

Symptoms of BV:

Answer 30

thin, white vaginal discharge with stale fish odor

Question 31

Cervicitis means

Answer 31

general term for presence of inflammation or infection of the cervix

Question 32

what causes gonorrhea

Answer 32

Neisseria gonorrhoeae (bacteria)

Question 33

recommended treatment for gonorrhea

Answer 33

dual therapy with ceftriaxone and azithromycin

Question 34

syphillis caused by

Answer 34

treponema pallidum (spirochete bacteria)

Question 35

chancre (ulcer) on place of entrance of bacteria

Answer 35

primary infection of syphillis

Question 36

maculopapular rash (hands and feet); sore throat; swollen lymph nodes; flu like symptoms

Answer 36

secondary infection of syphillis

Question 37

No symptoms;

Answer 37

latent infection of syphillis

Question 38

tumors of skin, bones, and liver; CNS symptoms; cardiovascular symptoms; usually not reversible at this stage

Answer 38

Tertiary infection of syphillis

Question 39

trichomoniasis caused by

Answer 39

trichomonas vaginalis (protozoa)

Question 40

treatment for trichomoniasis

Answer 40

metronidazole (flagyl) or trinidazole

Question 41

treatment of vaginal candidiasis

Answer 41

miconazole cream or suppository clotrimazole tablet or cream terconazole cream fluconazole oral tablet

Question 42

site of infection of gonorrhea

Answer 42

columnar epithelium of the endocervix

Question 43

spread primarily through sexual contact

Answer 43

hsv 2

Question 44

spread primarily though oral contact, such as kissing, sharing utensils or recieving oral sex

Answer 44

hsv1

Question 45

treatment of syphilis

Answer 45

benzathine penicillin G. Doxycycline if allergic to penicillin

Question 46

is syphilis curable ?

Answer 46

yes

Question 47

Is genital herpes simplex curable ?

Answer 47

no

Question 48

most common viral infection in the US

Answer 48

human papillomavirus

Question 49

hepatitis A spreads via

Answer 49

GI tract

Question 50

the virus that causes aids

Answer 50

HIV

Question 51

transmitted during sex; needles; childbirth; breastfeeding

Answer 51

HIV

Question 52

focusing on avoidance of sex and alcohol consumption

Answer 52

vaginal candidiasis

Question 53

focusing on avoidance of sex and alcohol consumption

Answer 53

vaginal candidiasis

Question 54

genital warts or condylomata are caused by

Answer 54

human papillomavirus

Question 55

vaccines currently available for which STI infections ?

Answer 55

hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and HPV

Question 56

hpv is closely associated with

Answer 56

cervical cancer