Stoichiometry Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is Stoichiometry?
Allows us to predict amount of products formed in a chemical reaction, based on amount of reactants.
What does molar mass allow you to do/find?
Can calculate mol of A from mols of B, mass of A from mass of B, etc. (MassA>MolsA>MolsB>MassB)
What is a limiting reactant? What can it predict?
The reactant that limits the amount of product in a Chemical Rxn.
Theoretical Yield:
The theoretical amount of product that can be made based on the amount of Limiting reactant.
Actual Yield:
The true amount of product from produced by the chemical Rxn.
Percent Yield:
Actual Yield/ x100
Theoretical Yield
What are solutions?
A homogeneous mixture of 2 substances.
Solvent VS. Solute?
A solvent is the majority component of the mixture, when the solute is the minority component.
What is Molarity? Formula?
Molarity is a way to express solution concentration.
M=amount solute(mol)/Volume of Solution(in L)
What is Molarity used for mostly?
converting Mol->L,L->Mol
What is diluting a solution? Fomula?
When you add water to a concentrated solution.
M1V1=M2V2.
ONLY use on dilution solutions!!! FYI
Combination Rxn:
A+B—>AB
when 2< elements/compounds combine to form single product
Decomposition:
ABC-heat–>A+BC
requires heat to compose the mixture into several elements/compounds.
Combustion!
Rxn of substance(s) with O2 to form 1< Oxygen containing compounds.
AALWAYS forms H2o and CO2
Single Replacement Rxn:
A+BC—>B+AC
Alkali and Alkali earth are most reactive elements!
the LEAST reactive element is always alone!!!
Double Replacement:
AB+CD—>AD+CB
using solubility rules to predict physical states!!! large amount are aqueous.
Acid Base Rxn:
acid- H in front of chemical
Base- OH behind chemical
ALWAYS produce H2O!
What does OIL RIG stand for?
Oxidize Is Lose - Reduction Is Gain!
What do Oxidizing Agents do?
Help other chemicals go through oxidation=(Reducing e-)
What do Reducing Agents do?
Help other chemicals go through Reduction=(Oxidized)
What are Oxidation Numbers?
The charge if all numbers were ionically bonded.
Review Rules/Steps!
What are electrolytes?
Substances that dissolve in water to form solutions that conduct electricity.
Strong electrolytes:
conduct electricity VERY well, completely dissociate in solution.
Weak electrolytes:
Conduct electricity POORLY, almost none of the ions dissolve/dissociate in solution.
