Stolove Final - Lab Values Flashcards
What does APACHE measure? (2)
what two things does it predict?
acute and chronic health
death rate and LOS in ICU
The Basic Metabolic Panel looks at what 4 parts of the blood?
Electrolytes
LFT
Blood Glucose
Blood cells (platelets)
What are the effects on the body is Sodium levels are too high? low?
What if Potassium is too high or low?
edema
dehydration
cardiac arrest
what does bicarbonate act as a buffer against?
acidosis
how is The test for Glycosylated hemoglobin performed?
measure 100-120 day control of glucose
What is an idea blood glucose level?
what are 4 signs of hypoglycemia?
how long can exercise effect patient with DM post exercise?
80-120 mg/dl
HA, Nervous, Shaky, Tacchycardic
12-24 hours
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine tests evaluate teh function of what?
an increase in Creatinine can mean what? (2)
Increase in BUN means what? decrease?
Renal Function (kidney) decrease in kidney function (muscle injury) decreased kidney function Liver disease
Alanine aminotrasnferase (ALT) indicates what? elevated Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) indicates what? (2)
liver damage ( HI = hepatitis) Liver and bladder disease (product of osteoblasts)
elevated Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) indicates what? (2)
elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) indicates what?
liver disease and myopathy
osteosarcoma
elevated blood amonia (amino acid breakdown) indicates what?
3 signs of elevated levels?
liver damage
numbness, tingling, asterxis
What blood test is used to detect anemia?
What precaution should be taken if patient has too low blood count?
what about if its chronic?
HCT hematocrit
decrease their aerobic exercise
Tolerance is better
Increased white blood cell count indicates what? Decreased? (3)
infection
leukocytopenia - bone marrow disease, Chemo, at risk of infection patients
Patients with decreased platelets (thrombocytopenia) are at risk for what?
excessive blooding (seen with patients with bone marrow disease or on chemo)
Patients with elevated PT Prothrobin time, PTT activated partial prothrombin time, or international normalized ratio (INR) are on precaution for what?
falls because of high risk of bleeding
What values are increased in a patient with CHF? (2)
which is the good cholesterol?
atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
brain natriuretic peptide (BMP)
HDL
Which lab value is linked to arterial changes in Alzheimer’s Disease?
how to lower?
this patients are at risk for what?
homocysteine
folic acid and B vitamins
osteoporotic bone fractures
C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is an indicator for what?
High levels mean the patient is at risk for what two conditions? (2)
how to lower these levels? (2)
inflammation
MI and CVA (cerebrovascualr accident)
Aerobic exercise and weight reduction
Post myocardial infarction what two lab values will be increased? specifically which is increased with unstable angina?
how to treat this patients? (2)
creatine kinase and troponin (unstable angina)
limit activity, monitor 02 stats
which Patients cannot use high concentration of 02?
which 02 values are normal for these patients
COPD patients
88-92
4 wound care signs to take note of
foul odor,
red streaks,
increased pain,
swelling
how do each of these present?
strep infection
staph infection
pseudo (2)
serous exudate
gelatinous exudate
blue green and “fruity” odor
the ratio of FEV1/FVC is increased or decreased during obstructive disease (asthma)
this ratio may be norma,, however lung values of all other types may be diminished, during what disease?
decreased restrictive disease (pulmonary fibrosis)
Peak flow meter is used for what patients?
asthmatics
CSF obtained via lumbar puncture is examing for which of the following conditions? (4)
what level of spine is puncture taken?
bacterial meningitis SLE inflammatory neuropathy metestatic brain tumor taken at L3/L4 section
