Storage and Filesystems

Question 1

What is stored in /bin

Answer 1

Executable programs necessary for the system (in single user mode)

Question 2

What is in /boot

Answer 2

Boot loader files

Question 3

What is in /dev

Answer 3

Device files

Question 4

What is in /etc

Answer 4

System and service config files

Question 5

What is in /home

Answer 5

User data files/profiles

Question 6

What is in /lib

Answer 6

Library files needed by executables

Question 7

How to search for a file and not see search (access) errors?

Answer 7

find / -name STRING 2>/dev/null

Question 8

What would you use [ ] for in a regex

Answer 8

To contain a list of possible values

Question 9

What would you use - for in a regex

Answer 9

To describe a range of values

Question 10

What is the . used for in a regex?

Answer 10

A wildcard for any single character

Question 11

What is the ^ or $ used for in a regex

Answer 11

The ^ is used to reference finding something at the beginning of a line, the $ the end

Question 12

What is the | used for in a regex?

Answer 12

Or

Question 13

What would you use \ for in a regex?

Answer 13

Escape character : I.e you want to search for $ or “ not use them as expressions

Question 14

How do you perform a regular expression (in grep)?

Answer 14

-E “EXPRESSION”

Question 15

3 popular options for sort command

Answer 15

-k NUMBER (sort by a different column)
-r (reverse)
-t DELIMITER (, or “ “ )

Question 16

How to change owner of file and group at the same time?

Answer 16

sudo chown USER:GROUP FILE

Question 17

How to check if FACL is enabled

Answer 17

sudo tune2fs -l
And check for the line “ Default Mount Options”

Question 18

How to set a FACL

Answer 18

setfacl -m or -s u:USER:PERM FILE

m for modify
s for set (new setup)
x for remove

Question 19

How to assign default group permissions to a directory with FACL

Answer 19

setfacl -m d:g:GROUP:PERM DIR

Question 20

What is grub2-mkconfig used for

Answer 20

Creating a new grub config file in protected (checked) manner

Question 21

Where would you find the grub configuration

Answer 21

/boot/efi/EFI
/etc/grub.d

Question 22

What is the boot process in 5 steps?

Answer 22

BIOS/UEFI
MBR/GPT
GRUB2
initrd/Kernel
systemd process

Question 23

How do you check storage use on the system

Answer 23

df -h for system wide and -human readable

du -h —maxdepth=NUM DIR for directory and recursive also with sending errors from this 2>/dev/null

Question 24

What is initrd.img

Answer 24

It’s the ram loading ‘boot image’ of initrd process

Question 25

What is vmlinuz

Answer 25

This is the Kernel!
Ending with a z usually zipped, ending with a x unzipped.

Question 26

rsync common options…

Answer 26

a archive
z zip
u update (skip existing files)
r recursive
P display progress

Question 27

How to rsync thru SSH

Answer 27

rsync -OPTIONS -e SSH SOURCE USERNAME@HOST/IP DEST

Question 28

How would you test a complicated rsync instruction

Answer 28

Use —dry-run at the end of it

Question 29

What are the 3 integral parts of the SCSI framework?

Answer 29

Upper : device driver layer
Middle: SCSI routing
Lower: Host Bus Adapter

Question 30

Less common ‘ls’ options

Answer 30

-d directory meta
-F classify file type
-R recursive tree
-Z security context

Question 31

Create a hard link

Answer 31

ln /ORIGINAL /HARDLINK

Question 32

Create a soft link

Answer 32

ln -s /ORIGINAL -/SOFTSYMBOLIC

Question 33

common “rm” options

Answer 33

-d delete empty dirs
-f —force
-i ask before deletion
-I ask before deleting >3 files or during recursive
-R-r recursive
-v verbose

Question 34

Which options in /etc/fstab designate filesystem with quotas

Answer 34

usrquota
grpquota