STR Flashcards
(83 cards)
1
Q
The most effective way to give students practice in applying comprehension strategies is to provide time for them to
a. ) read interesting books written at their reading level.
b. ) read one selection in a basal textbook each week.
c. ) complete a workbook activity based on a trade book.
d. ) discuss a basal selection with their classmates.
A
a.) read interesting books written at their reading level.
2
Q
Young children often begin to recognize and read familiar words they see such as the names of fast-food restaurants and toy stores and the logos on cereal boxes. This type of familiar print is referred to as:
a. ) visual literacy.
b. ) frequency print.
c. ) environmental print.
d. ) morphemes.
A
c.) environmental print.
3
Q
Of the following, the most appropriate instructional technique for emergent readers and writers is
a. ) Sustained Silent Reading.
b. ) Survey, Question, Read, Respond, Review (SQ3R).
c. ) Language Experience Approach.
d. ) Literature Circle.
A
c.) Language Experience Approach.
4
Q
When children learn that print is written and read from left to right and from top to bottom on a page, they are acquiring
a. ) directionality concepts.
b. ) letter and word concepts.
c. ) sight vocabulary.
d. ) phonemic awareness.
A
a.) directionality concepts.
5
Q
The goal of reading and writing instruction in the primary grades is to ensure that all children reach the fluent stage of reading by what grade?
A
End of 3rd grade
6
Q
Patryk, age 6, recently moved from Poland to the United States and speaks only Polish at home. Patryk’s mother asked the teacher if she should encourage her son to stop speaking Polish so that he could concentrate on learning English. The teacher correctly stated that research suggests
a. ) those who continue to speak their native language become better English speakers.
b. ) students who stop speaking their first language become better English speakers.
c. ) English learners should not receive phonics instruction.
d. ) English learners should not be expected to participate in classroom discussions.
A
a.) those who continue to speak their native language become better English speakers.
7
Q
Children learn many concepts about print. Among the concepts that children learn are the concepts that words are composed of letters, that sentences are composed of words, that a capital letter highlights the first word in a sentence, and that spaces mark boundaries between words and between sentences. These concepts are referred to as
a. ) book-orientation concepts.
b. ) directionality concepts
c. ) letter-word concepts
d. ) readiness concepts
A
c.) letter-word concepts
8
Q
Most fluent readers prefer to read
a. ) Silently
b. ) Orally
c. ) In pairs
d. ) In groups
A
a.) Silently
9
Q
Commercially produced reading programs which usually feature a textbook or anthology of stories as well as accompanying workbooks are referred to as
a. ) basal reading programs
b. ) balanced literacy reading programs
c. ) thematics units
d. ) literature units
A
a.) basal reading programs
10
Q
The term emergent literacy was first used by
a. ) Marie Clay
b. ) Maria Montessori
c. ) Jean Piaget
d. ) Lev Vygotsky
A
a.) Marie Clay
11
Q
At the end of the school year, Mary completed a written test to show that she met grade-level standards. Of the following, the best term to describe that test would be that it was an
a. ) Evaluation
b. ) Authentic assessment
c. ) Running record
d. ) Formative assessment
A
a.) Evaluation
12
Q
Scores which children receive on high-stakes standardized tests are most often linked to
levels on the
a.) Fry Readability Graph*
b.) Fountas and Pinnell’s Text Gradient *
c.) The Lexile Framework*
d.) Portfolio Assessment
A
c. ) The Lexile Framework
* Fountas and Pinnel - benchmark for small grp reading
* Fry Readability graph - formula for reading on a grade level
13
Q
An informal reading inventory usually consists of (2)?
A
graded (1) word lists and (2) passages
14
Q
Of the following, the best ways to assess pre-kindergartners’ literacy learning are to
a. ) standardized testing and running records
b. ) use portfolio assessment and high-stakes tests
c. ) make observations and collect work samples
d. ) conduct parent interviews and standardized testing
A
c.) make observations and collect work samples
15
Q
Phonemic awareness is the basic understanding that
a. ) phonics is the foundation for reading.
b. ) speech is composed of a series of individual sounds.
c. ) every word must contain a vowel.
d. ) speech must vary according to usage.
A
b.) speech is composed of a series of individual sounds.
16
Q
A strategy for segmenting sounds in a word that involves drawing a box to represent each sound in a word is
a. ) sound matching
b. ) box reading
c. ) miscue analysis
d. ) Elkonin boxes
A
d.) Elkonin boxes
17
Q
When working with students who are English learners, researchers recommend
a. ) providing explicit instruction in phonemic awareness.
b. ) eliminating phonemic awareness instruction from the curriculum.
c. ) requiring students to write in their native language.
d. ) requiring students to read orally in their native language.
A
a.) providing explicit instruction in phonemic awareness.
18
Q
In most situations, phonics instruction should be completed by the end of what grade?
A
Third
19
Q
If a teacher includes weekly spelling lists as part of the instructional program, those weekly lists should be
a. ) scripted
b. ) taken from approved programs
c. ) individualized to match the words a child needs in his writing
d. ) taken from approved textbooks
A
c.) individualized to match the words a child needs in his writing
20
Q
When working with students who are English learners, teachers should
a. ) expect the students to be able to spell all the words they can read.
b. ) always require the students to find unfamiliar words in dictionaries.
c. ) learn as much as possible about the students’ home language.
d. ) excuse the students from written assignments.
A
c.) learn as much as possible about the students’ home language.
21
Q
The ability to quickly and accurately recognize words is referred to as
a. ) fluency
b. ) automaticity
c. ) comprehension
d. ) phonological awareness
A
b.) automaticity
22
Q
Which of the following would most likely help students improve their reading fluency?
a. ) choral reading
b. ) round robin reading
c. ) graphic organizers
d. ) Elkonin boxes
A
a.) choral reading
23
Q
The ability to orally read sentences expressively, with appropriate phrasing and intonation is known as
a. ) fluency
b. ) prosody
c. ) pragmatics
d. ) expressive functionality
A
b.) prosody
24
Q
The English word pioneer is similar in looks and meaning to the Spanish word pionero. These words are examples of
a. ) eponyms
b. ) homonyms
c. ) cognates
d. ) etymologies
A
c.) cognates
25
A teacher wants to increase her students’ interest in learning new words and she wants them to be able to spell high-frequency words independently in their compositions. The principal correctly suggested that the best way to accomplish these goals would be to
a.) create a word wall
b.) ask students to write each new word in their c.) notebook three times
d.) conduct phonic checks
ask students to place new words in alphabetical order
a.) create a word wall
26
A third-grade teacher would like to help his students think more deeply about words and consider their meanings. An appropriate activity to accomplish that task would be
a. ) echo reading
b. ) Elkonin boxes
c. ) segmenting
d. ) word sorts
d.) word sorts
27
The idea that capable readers learn more vocabulary because they read more is an example of the
a. ) Matthew effect
b. ) Critical reading inventory
c. ) Fry readability
d. ) Sustained reading effect
a.) Matthew effect
28
Six-year-old Tim found a book that he wanted to read but it was too difficult for him to read independently. To help Tim enjoy this book, his teacher should use
a. ) shared reading
b. ) mastery reading
c. ) assessment reading
d. ) choral reading
a.) shared/(guided) reading
29
A way of helping children select books at appropriate levels has been called
a. ) Goldilocks strategy
b. ) Concept strategy
c. ) Peer strategy
d. ) Basal strategy
a.) Goldilocks strategy
30
The principal of Brady School correctly stated that
a. ) first- and second-grade students can participate effectively in literature circles
b. ) literature circles should not be used below fourth grade
c. ) all literature circle meetings should be led by a teacher
d. ) students should always assume roles during literature circles
a.) first- and second-grade students can participate effectively in literature circles
31
The instructional approach which is most closely associated with a strong skills approach is the
a. ) Basal approach
b. ) Literature circles
c. ) Reading workshops
d. ) Reading rockets
a.) Basal approach
32
A new teacher would like to create a reading program that is individualized and offers students opportunities to select their own books. The choice which best meets those requirements is
a. ) reading workshop
b. ) basal program
c. ) literature focus unit
d. ) choral reading
a.) reading workshop
33
Of the following, the best way for preschool teachers to scaffold young children’s reading development is to engage them in
a. ) basal reading programs
b. ) interactive read-alouds
c. ) quickwrites
d. ) workbook activities
b.) interactive read-alouds
34
What are the five stages of the reading process?
a. ) prereading, reading, responding, exploring, and applying.
b. ) prereading, reading, responding, applying, and exploring
c. ) exploring, prereading, reading, responding, and applying.
d. ) all stages are integrated
a.) pre-reading, reading, responding, exploring, and applying.
35
Which of the following practices by a prekindergarten teacher best reflects an assets-based approach to reading instruction?
a. ) planning instruction in various areas of reading using continually adjusted flexible groupings according to each child's current assessed knowledge and skills
b. ) allowing individual children to develop an interest in literacy at their own pace before introducing them to foundational reading concepts and skills
c. ) ensuring that each child in an emergent-reading group has mastered the current reading concept or skill before moving the group on to the next lesson
d. ) building opportunities in each lesson for children to use multiple modalities to deepen their understanding of new reading concepts and skills
a. ) planning instruction in various areas of reading using continually adjusted flexible groupings according to each child's current assessed knowledge and skills
* not c bc you don't want to lock all the students in a reading level; you want flexible grouping;
36
A prekindergarten teacher is preparing an introductory lesson focused on isolating/identifying the initial sound in spoken words for a small group of children whose informal assessments indicate that they are ready to learn this skill. The group includes an English learner. Which of the following instructional supports would best promote the English learner's success in achieving the instructional goal of this lesson?
a. ) selecting stimulus words for the lesson that have sounds common to both English and the English learner's home language
b. ) developing an alternative lesson for the English learner that focuses on skills that fall earlier along the phonological awareness continuum
c. ) conducting tasks with the English learner that require the child to segment and blend the sounds of simple spoken English words
d. ) encouraging the English learner's family to engage in wordplay activities with their child such as reciting home-language nursery rhymes
a. ) selecting stimulus words for the lesson that have sounds common to both English and the English learner's home language
* find common connections to L1, but not speak entirely in L1 so not d;
37
(Breaking apart and saying each phoneme) Given the information provided, which of the following student activities would be most appropriate for the teacher to include when planning differentiated instruction to promote the students' growth in phonemic awareness?
a. ) identifying and matching the initial, medial, and final sounds of words represented by pictures
b. ) practicing reading simple words that belong to common word families
c. ) identifying and matching pictures that represent words with the same onset or rime
d. ) practicing reading a variety of simple decodable texts
a. ) identifying and matching the initial, medial, and final sounds of words represented by pictures
* dissecting the sound and finding meaning with a picture
38
A prekindergarten teacher is planning instruction in letter-sound relationships for a group of beginning-level English learners who have begun identifying and naming the letters of the alphabet. Which of the following strategies would likely be most effective to apply with this group of children?
a. ) using oral translations of tongue twisters from the children's home languages to draw their attention to letter-sounds that are common between the two languages
b. ) ensuring that the children can distinguish between illustrations and print and identify the parts of a printed sentence as prerequisites to learning letter-sounds
c. ) employing articulatory feedback to help the children discover English letter-sounds that are not in their home language and learn how to pronounce them
d. ) showing the children how to use a variety of simple mnemonic devices to help them memorize unfamiliar English letter-sounds
c. ) employing articulatory feedback to help the children discover English letter-sounds that are not in their home language and learn how to pronounce them
* don't want to translate, just show similar sounds or words.
39
A kindergarten teacher reads a decodable text about cats with a small group of students and then incorporates the content of the text into an interactive writing lesson. First, the teacher has students orally generate several sentences that relate to the actions of the cat in the story. The teacher then says, "Those are great sentences. Help me write them on the chart paper." For each decodable word in a sentence, the teacher pauses to prompt the students to listen to the sounds of the word and use their knowledge of the letter-sound correspondences that they practiced in the decodable text to identify which letter the teacher should write next. This scenario best demonstrates the teacher's awareness of which of the following concepts related to students' development of beginning reading skills?
a. ) he role of basic print concepts in writing development
b. ) the importance of fostering students' motivation to read and write
c. ) the role of accurate, automatic decoding in fluent writing
d. ) the importance of applying newly taught phonics elements to writing
d. ) the importance of applying newly taught phonics elements to writing
* not talking about decoding; using reading to develop writing
40
A first-grade teacher would like to incorporate instruction in morphemes for students who have mastered reading and spelling closed- and open-syllable words. Which of the following skills is best aligned with both the teacher's goal and the continuum of word-reading skills described in the first-grade Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS) for English Language Arts and Reading (ELAR)?
a. ) decoding and identifying the meaning of words with the inflectional endings -s, -es, and -ed
b. ) decoding and spelling words with vowel teams and r-controlled syllables
c. ) decoding and identifying the meaning of words with the affixes un-, re-, -er, and -est
d. ) decoding and spelling words with initial and final consonant blends and digraphs
a. ) decoding and identifying the meaning of words with the inflectional endings -s, -es, and -ed
* MORPHEMES not syllables; affixes un, re, er, es are not first grade TEKS
41
A second-grade student scores well above the 50th percentile benchmark for fluency on the midyear benchmark assessment. However, the teacher notes that the student reads the text word-by-word in a choppy, disjointed manner and has difficulty answering comprehension questions afterward. Which of the following strategies would be most important for the teacher to include in an intervention designed to address the student's assessed needs?
a. ) engaging in a systematic review of phonics elements that should be mastered by the middle of second grade
b. ) engaging in silent wide-reading of books written at the student's independent reading level
c. ) engaging in oral reading following teacher modeling using texts that are phrase-cued to approximate speech
d. ) engaging in buddy reading and choral reading with another student who reads at the same level
c. ) engaging in oral reading following teacher modeling using texts that are phrase-cued to approximate speech
* buddy not at same level; silent reading doesn't increase
42
Several students in a first-grade class have progressed from the partial-alphabetic phase of word-reading development to the full-alphabetic phase. Which of the following instructional activities would be most appropriate for promoting these students' word-reading accuracy and automaticity?
a. ) having the students practice reading simple closed-syllable words in isolation and in decodable texts
b. )modeling the use of contextual strategies to read unfamiliar words
c. ) increasing the amount of time the students spend practicing reading irregular high-frequency words
d. ) supporting the students in reading predictable texts in a variety of genres
a. ) having the students practice reading simple closed-syllable words in isolation and in decodable texts
* not really predicting what comes next in the text in different GENRES of texts; rhyming texts are isolated and decodable.
43
Students are asked to identify the answer to a problem without actually solving it. She asks them: What answer is best when given the expression: 1/10 × 7/60 ? 7/600 7/10 1 7/60 70/60 What concept does she want them to recognize?
- Cross-simplifying fractions before multiplying
- When 2 fractions are multiplied, the product is smaller than either original fraction
- Base-10 multiplication
- Multiplication tables
When 2 fractions are multiplied, the product is smaller than either original fraction
44
```
9) James has saved $35.25. He wants to save his money to buy a bicycle that costs $85.00. His brother's bike cost $92.00. If sales tax is 8%, about how much more must he save to purchase his bike, including tax?
$70
$60
$50
$55
```
$60? IDK why tho
45
Mr. Harvey wants to explore the concept of limits with his middle school math class. Which of the following would be an appropriate way to introduce limits to his students?
- Have students calculate the upper and lower bound of the area of an irregular shape printed on different sized grid paper.
- Have students explore the area of regular polygons while increasing the number of sides and compare their findings to the area of a circle.
- Have students find the rate of change for different intervals on a velocity versus time graph.
- Have students write a story to depict what is happening in a distance versus time graph.
Have students explore the area of regular polygons while increasing the number of sides and compare their findings to the area of a circle.
46
```
What is the length of the line segment joining the points (1,3) and (-3,0)?
8
7
6
5
```
5
47
1) Which of the following summative assessment prompts on fractions will best reveal whether a student understands fraction applications in the real world?
What is the sum of ⅓ and ⅖?
Solve the following problem: Sue cuts a pizza into 10 pieces. Two friends each eat 3 slices. What fraction, in simplest form, of the pizza is left?
Write a story problem without using any fractions in the story, but which requires the use of fractions in the solution. Then solve the problem showing your work.
How is a fraction like a piece of chocolate cake?
-solve the problem..?
48
```
4) What value does 8 represent in the number 2.86 x 104?
8000
8 / 10
80
800000
```
8000
49
```
After building solar-powered cars in Mr. Bosu's engineering class, students raced the cars to find out which was the fastest. Which of the following speeds in meters per second is the greatest?
38/48
4/5
0.9
17/30
```
17/30
50
Put these fractions, decimals and percentages in order from greatest to least: 15%, 0.34, 245%, 2 ¾, 1.5, 1/15
2 ¾, 245%, 1.5, 0.34, 15%, 1/15
51
When asked to answer the question what is ½ ÷ 2; Jon answered 1. Which is the best activity for Jon so he would better understand the problem and how to answer it?
Have Jon draw a picture to represent ½ a pizza, then divide it into two equal parts. Ask him how much of the whole pizza each part represents.
Have Jon draw a picture to illustrate his thought process to you.
Tell Jon to think about having ½ a pizza. Ask him, "if he were to share the pizza equally with a friend, how much of the pizza would each of you get?" Wrong
Tell Jon that he has answered the question, "What is ½ of 2?" Then have him rework the correct problem.
Have Jon draw a picture to represent ½ a pizza, then divide it into two equal parts. Ask him how much of the whole pizza each part represents.
52
```
Tom wants to mentally calculate a 20% tip on his bill of $40. Which of the following is best for Tom to use in the mental calculation of the tip?
40 × .02
40 × (20/100)
40 × (200/1000)
40 × .1 × 2
```
40 × .1 × 2
53
Which of the following statements is true about the equation 2x2 + 2x + 5 = 0?
The equation has one real solution and one complex solution.
The equation has no solutions.
The equation has two real solutions.
The equation has two complex solutions.
The equation has two complex solutions.
54
This equation demonstrates which of the following properties? (4 × 7) × 8 = 4 × (7 × 8)
The multiplicative inverse property
The commutative property of multiplication
The distributive property of multiplication
The associative property of multiplication
The associative property of multiplication
55
Mr. Sherlock is teaching his students to convert units such as miles per hour to other units such as meters per second. Which is the best first activity for his students to master this concept?
Have students memorize the appropriate prefixes of the metric system.
Give students index cards with stickers on each that represent the numerators and denominators of the fractions in the conversion. Show students how to line up the index cards so identical stickers appear on the top of one card and the bottom of the other to make sure unwanted units cancel.
Have student memorize the different conversion factors such as there are 5280 feet in a mile.
Give students word problems to solve that involve unit conversions. Wrong
Index cards
56
```
A teacher wants to introduce a lesson on probability and simulations to her students. Which manipulative would not be good to use?
ruler
coin
spinner
dice
```
ruler
57
```
Students are separating costs of running a concession stand into expenses that depend on sales volume and those that do not. What concept does the teacher want students to understand through this activity?
fixed and variable expenses
supply and demand
sales tax
fixed and variable income
```
fixed and variable expenses
58
```
A mathematics teacher is beginning a unit on multiplication of fractions. Which of the following is the least appropriate way to model this process?
Model the process by drawing a picture.
Model the process with arrays.
Model the process with pattern blocks.
Model the process with base-10 blocks.
```
arrays?
59
```
Maria has recently moved from Mexico City to the U.S. She is a secondary student who speaks little English, but who came from her school in Mexico City with excellent grades. Which of the following would be the most appropriate accommodation for Maria's math teacher to use with Maria?
Allow Maria to be an observer in math class for a few days until she feels a bit more at ease.
Pair Maria with another student who speaks Spanish, to clarify instructions in Spanish as needed.
Repeat the instructions that are given to the rest of the class more slowly and privately to Maria.
Make sure that Maria has all the materials she needs to complete the assigned tasks.
```
Pair Maria with another student who speaks Spanish, to clarify instructions in Spanish as needed.
60
A math teacher plans her instructional delivery method on resolving the difficulty students have distinguishing between mode and median. She plans to have students first work alone calculating the mode and median of sets of performance results from the school track team. Next, her students will work in groups of 2 or 3 to discuss and interpret their results, and record a summary of the significance of the results on whiteboards. Finally, the groups will present their summaries to the class, along with a teacher-led discussion of the findings. By planning such an activity, the teacher demonstrates that she understands:
how to apply a variety of instructional delivery methods that can help students develop their mathematical thinking.
how students' prior mathematical knowledge can be used to build conceptual links to new knowledge.
how to use a variety of questioning strategies that encourage mathematical discourse and help students analyze and evaluate their mathematical thinking.
how technological tools and manipulatives can be used to assist students in developing mathematical thinking.
how to apply a variety of instructional delivery methods that can help students develop their mathematical thinking.
61
A teacher is teaching students to graph linear equations. He wants students to use the graphing calculator to check their answers. He gives students graphing calculators and begins teaching how to graph linear equations. He finds that many students are unable to graph equations without the calculator. How can he improve his instruction?
Give students extra credit for problems solved without using the calculator.
It is rare that students will need to graph without technology so it is okay that students rely on the calculator.
Work backwards and teach students how to interpret the graphs generated by the calculator to facilitate learning graphing by hand. Wrong
In future years, teach students how to graph using pencil and paper before giving out graphing calculators.
In future years, teach students how to graph using pencil and paper before giving out graphing calculators.
62
In a unit on personal finance, a sixth-grade teacher wants students to be able to identify the difference between fixed and variable costs. Which of the following examples would best highlight this difference?
categorizing the expenses of a local restaurant into expenses that depend on the number of customers and expenses that do no not depend on the number of customers
looking at the differences between a tax deduction and a tax credit
analyzing the money spent on gas each month of an average American and looking at how much a person drives impacting the price they will pay in gas
having students ask their parents what fixed costs they pay each month
categorizing the expenses of a local restaurant into expenses that depend on the number of customers and expenses that do no not depend on the number of customers
63
```
Mrs. Adamson's student asks her how much space a cube takes up. Mrs. Adamson said to answer this question, the student would need to calculate the volume of the cube. Which of the following measurable attributes is the formula for a cube based upon?
mass
length
intensity
capacity
```
length
64
A fifth-grade teacher is beginning a unit on equivalent fractions with her students. If this is an introductory lesson, which of the following activities would be the most effective in helping the students understand the concept of equivalent fractions?
compare pictures showing ½ of a variety of different objects
begin with the concept that 50¢ is ½ of $1; 25¢ is ½ of 50¢; 5¢ is ½ of 10¢ Wrong
use pattern blocks to model different fractions equivalent to ½
find as many fractions as possible equivalent to ½ in one minute
use pattern blocks to model different fractions equivalent to ½
65
A teacher engages her class in a discussion of the coordinate plane. The students are asked to identify the quadrants, the coordinate axes, and the mathematical notation for various points in the plane. Students are asked to develop a way to quickly identify the quadrant in which various points lie. Which of the following objectives is the teacher most likely trying to address with this lesson?
augmenting an understanding of estimation and its appropriate uses
demonstrating how to model and solve real-world problems using mathematics
developing precise mathematical language when expressing mathematical ideas
encouraging student use of mathematics manipulatives and technological tools
developing precise mathematical language when expressing mathematical idea
66
Ms. Mueller uses pizza to introduce a topic on multiplying fractions. Images of a pizza are taped to pie-shaped sections of cardboard to represent various fractions. Students can "cut" the fractional pizza slices into halves, fourths, and eighths to show the effects of fraction multiplication in answer to questions such as "What is one eighth of one half?" When finished, the students draw their own "pizza pieces" to represent similar problems. Which of the following best describes the instructional strategies demonstrated by the teacher with this activity?
use of mathematical language as a precise way to express mathematical ideas
use of technological tools to assist learning Wrong
development of mathematical instruction that transitions between concrete, symbolic, and abstract representations
communication of mathematical information through visual media such as graphs, tables, diagrams, and animations
visual media?
67
Mrs. Matthews is teaching her sixth-grade class about areas of regular geometric figures. How should she best introduce this topic to her students?
Take students to the gym and have them measure parts of the floor to determine area.
Give students a list of formulas to determine area of figures.
Give students pattern blocks to manipulate. Tell them the area of the smallest figure is one and ask them to determine the area of the larger figures.
Ask students to draw pictures and then trace those figures onto graph paper to estimate the number of squares inside the figure.
Give students pattern blocks to manipulate. Tell them the area of the smallest figure is one and ask them to determine the area of the larger figures.
68
```
Mrs. Jones is teaching a lesson on slope-intercept form. She requires each student to find the slope and y-intercept of a set of graphs, then put them into a formula that describes the graph. The students work one problem at a time and Mrs. Jones circulates to check their work. If a student has the correct answer, Mrs. Jones gives them a checkmark and they move on to the next question. If the student has the wrong answer, Mrs. Jones directs them to the incorrect portion of their work and they revise their answer. Mrs. Jones continues to circulate the room until all students have finished the assignment. Which of the following learning theories best matches the activity Mrs. Jones uses with her students?
Sociocultural learning theory
Behaviorism learning theory
Constructivist learning theory
Social learning theory
```
Behaviorism
69
As a warm-up, Ms. Caulkins asks her students to compare these two formulas and identify the differences and similarities before she has taught what the formulas are used for. What is her goal in this exercise?
allowing students to understand the lesson before teaching it
following classroom procedures that include a daily warm-up
activating prior knowledge of reducing fractions
practice writing fractions with factorials
activating prior knowledge of reducing fractions
| practice writing fractions with factorials
70
Students are using a curve-fitting computer simulation program. Which of the following is the best activity for the teacher to ask students to do using the software?
Find the least common denominator of a set of fractions.
Find the intersection points of three circles in a plane.
Find the area of a figure from a drawing and its dimensions.
Find the zeros of a quadratic function.
Find the intersection points of three circles in a plane.
71
Which activity can emphasize the interdisciplinary connections that math has to other subjects?
A science experiment performed in math class where students do calculations.
A mathematician discussing how he uses math at home.
A tracking sheet where students track when they use math.
A career fair where professionals talk about their use of math in their job.
A tracking sheet where students track when they use math?
72
Mrs. Herschend decided not to give a test about ratios and instead had her students do a project to display their knowledge. She has decided that she will do this for every unit going forward. What is the main disadvantage to this approach?
Students need to practice test taking skills periodically.
Parents can help with projects and the students knowledge may not be displayed.
Projects take more class time than giving a test.
Some students are not creative and projects are more stressful than tests.
Students need to practice test taking skills periodically.
73
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Mr. Fischer, a bilingual teacher, teaches a mathematics class composed of native English speakers and English language learners (ELLs). He has introduced a new topic with new vocabulary words in which he presented the vocabulary words with several examples. Which of the following strategies should Mr. Fischer use next to check each student's understanding of the vocabulary words?
having students copy down the definition for each word that Mr. Fischer wrote on the board in English
having students write a definition for each term in their own words in their native language
placing students in groups so each student can explain the vocabulary terms to their peers in English
having students look up the definition online to see if it matches what Mr. Fischer told them
```
having students write a definition for each term in their own words in their native language
74
Which of the following statements is false?
Indirect proof is based on deductive reasoning.
Inductive reasoning never leads to a correct conclusion.
Direct, formal proof is based on deductive reasoning.
Inductive reasoning is the basis of many hypotheses and conjectures.
Never leads to a correct conclusion?
75
Mr. Obama is teaching his students how to model real-world linear situations. He notices that when he gives his students a set of data to model, they often come up with solutions that work for the first data point, but not subsequent data points. What should he do to rectify the situation?
Teach students how to use Excel to find a linear fit to the data which will work with all points.
Teach students how to extrapolate data from a best fit line.
Reteach how to determine the slope between two points in the middle of the dataset and emphasize where that goes in the y-intercept equation.
Teach students how to interpolate data from a best fit line.
Reteach how to determine the slope between two points in the middle of the dataset and emphasize where that goes in the y-intercept equation.
76
During a lesson on using models in mathematics, a teacher asks the students to figure out how many hours they spend on homework for all their classes each year. In asking this question, the teacher has asked the class to:
demonstrate the use of symbols to represent mathematical quantities.
demonstrate their proficiency with the use of proofs.
demonstrate their ability to use statistics with data.
demonstrate an understanding of the estimation process.
demonstrate an understanding of the estimation process.
77
```
Adam wants to determine how much to charge for an event. He looks through his records from old events to determine a reasonable price for the venue, the average price of catering, and thinks about other incidentals. He then solicits quotes from several people and places before setting a price for the event. What process is he using to create this budget?
informal reasoning
formal reasoning
deductive reasoning
inductive reasoning
```
formal reasoning
78
```
A survey is taken of students in a math class to determine what pets the students have. 7 students have birds; 15 students have cats; 18 students have dogs. Some students have more than 1 animal. For example, 3 students have cats and dogs and 4 students have cats, dogs, and birds. All students have at least one of these three types of pets. Which of the following would be the best strategy to use to answer a question about how many total students are in the class?
draw a Venn diagram
work backwards
work a simpler problem
simply add all of the given numbers
```
draw a Venn diagram
79
```
Janine is trying to determine who to vote for in the class president race. She thinks that candidate A is friendlier to her, but candidate B is better at convincing adults to do things. What type of reasoning is she using when she decides who to vote for?
inductive reasoning
informal reasoning
formal reasoning
deductive reasoning
```
informal reasoning
80
Mrs. Wheelan is teaching geometric shapes and wants to use informal reasoning questions for discussion. What question is best to start with?
What is your favorite shape and why?
How do geometric shapes play a role in daily life?
What geometric shape does not have any edges?
What is a quadrilateral?
How do geometric shapes play a role in daily life?
81
Mr. Yang's class has learned about making inferences from two sets of facts. For example, given the two facts all cats meow, Meredith is a cat; therefore Meredith must meow. What is the next thing Mr. Yang should teach?
making inferences based on three or more related facts
proof by induction
two-column geometric proofs
making inferences using numbers
making inferences based on three or more related facts?
82
```
What is the primary goal of summative assessments?
making instructional decisions Wrong
measuring student achievement
ranking students
evaluating teachers
```
measuring student achievement ?
83
```
A teacher monitors her class while the students are involved in a group activity exploring the size of angles in a set of triangles. She moves from group to group, pausing and watching the group dynamics. Which of the following best describes what the teacher is doing?
formal formative assessment
formal summative assessment
informal summative assessment
informal formative assessment
```
informal formative assessment
