Stratification and Gender

Question 1

Stratification

Answer 1

Structured social inequality; student debt loan is intentional

Question 2

Social Equality

Answer 2

no difference in wealth, power, prestige, or status based on non conventions exists

Question 3

Income

Answer 3

money received by a person for work; “paycheck”

Question 4

Wealth

Answer 4

an individuals/families net worth; total assets-total debts

Question 5

Socioeconomic Status

Answer 5

an individuals position in a stratified social order; income wealth education

Question 6

Weberian Stratification

Answer 6

3 components; wealth power prestige

Question 7

Social Mobility

Answer 7

movement b/w different positions within a system of social stratification in any given society

Question 8

Status Attainment Model

Answer 8

ranks individuals by socioeconomic status; seeks to specify the characteristics of people who end up in more desirable occupations

Question 9

Structural Mobility

Answer 9

mobility that is inevitable from changes in the economy; outside of our control

Question 10

Ontological Equality

Answer 10

notion that everyone is created equal at birth

Question 11

Equality of Opportunity

Answer 11

idea that everyone has an equal chance to achieve wealth, social prestige, and power bc tules of the game are the same for everyone

Question 12

Bourgeois Society

Answer 12

capitalism; the maximization of profit is the primary incentive (US)

Question 13

Equality of Condition

Answer 13

idea that everyone should have an equal starting point (socialism)

Question 14

Equality of Outcome

Answer 14

argue that individuals must be given the same amount of resources regardless of their economic contributions

Question 15

Free Rider Problem

Answer 15

when more than one person is responsible for getting something done; incentives begin to shrink for people

Question 16

Estate System

Answer 16

Political based system of stratification characteristic by limited social mobility; power is distributes unequally

Question 17

Caste System

Answer 17

religious-based system of stratification characterized by no social mobility

Question 18

Class System

Answer 18

economically based hierarchal system characterized by cohesive, oppositional groups and loose social mobility

Question 19

Meritocracy

Answer 19

society where status and mobility are based on individuals attributes, ability, and achievement

Question 20

Proletariat

Answer 20

Marxian term for working class

Question 21

Bourgeoisie

Answer 21

Marxian term for the capitalist class

Question 22

Contradictory class locations

Answer 22

people can occupy locations in the class structure that fall b/w the two pure classes

Question 23

Status Hierarchy System

Answer 23

based on prestige

Question 24

Elite-Mass Dichotomy System

Answer 24

system of stratification that has a governing elite, a few leaders who broadly hold power in society

Question 25

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Answer 25

saw inequality as a harmful social construct

Question 26

Thomas Malthus

Answer 26

saw inequality as a regulator of overpopulation

Question 27

Functionalist Theory- inequality

Answer 27

Without inequality society would deteriorate bc of lack of incentive for upward social mobility ; Free Rider Problem ; both haves and have nots

Question 28

Conflict Theory- inequality

Answer 28

structured by class interests; inequality is intended

Question 29

Sex

Answer 29

biological differences from male and female

Question 30

Sexuality

Answer 30

desire, sexual preference, sexual identity, and behavior

Question 31

Gender

Answer 31

social construct shaped by a social arrangements that are built around normal sex categories; boy=blue girl=pink

Question 32

Gender Roles

Answer 32

set of behavioral norms assembled to accompany ones status as male or female

Question 33

‘Doing Gender’

Answer 33

ways in which we all act out the social contract of gender

Question 34

Gender Role Socialization

Answer 34

Gender roles are learned and internalized

Question 35

Patriarchy

Answer 35

universal system involving the subordination of femininity to masculinity

Question 36

Heteronormativity

Answer 36

the view that heterosexual relations are the norm and all other deviant

Question 37

Hegemonic Masculinity

Answer 37

invisible condition in which men are dominant and privileged

Question 38

Liberal Feminism

Answer 38

Works within the structure of mainstream society to integrate women into that structure; petition

Question 39

Radical Feminism

Answer 39

hold that oppression of women is the most fundamental from of oppression; agitator

Question 40

Socialist Feminism

Answer 40

recognizes that women are oppressed and attributes that oppression to the capitalist system

Question 41

Cultural Feminism

Answer 41

seeks a complete transformation of a society; create vanguard(cultural workers) to build a women’s culture

Question 42

Sex Role Theory

Answer 42

men and women preform their sex roles; wife stays home, husband goes out

Question 43

Glass Ceiling

Answer 43

invisible limit on women’s climb up the occupational ladder

Question 44

Glass Escalator

Answer 44

promotional ride men take to the top of work in feminized occupations

Question 45

Sexism

Answer 45

when a persons sex or gender is the basis for discrimination

Question 46

Privilege

Answer 46

special advantage granted to or enjoyed by an individual based on that persons positions within the class/race/gender/sexual orientation

Question 47

Biological Determinism

Answer 47

explains social behavior in terms of who you are in the natural world

Question 48

Gender Divison of Labor

Answer 48

women tend to be nurses, teacher, secretaries (nurturing positions)

Question 49

Female Political Power

Answer 49

not many women hold political positions

Question 50

Feminism

Answer 50

to get people to understand that gender is a key organizing principal of life