strcutures, Reactions Organic Compounds Flashcards
What’s a saturated compound
Contains single bonds only
What do all members of the homologous series have and differ by what?
Same functional group, differ by no of ch2 units present
Alkanes are… Ali…sat…com…
Aliphatic saturated compound
Define aliphatic saturated compound hydrocarbons
Only have single bonds and only contain carbon n hydrogen atoms
What are alkenes?
Organic compounds containing double bond general formula CnH2n
Define haloalkane
Alkane where at least one hydrogen is replaced by a halogen
Define isomers
Two or more compounds have same general formula but diff arrangement of atoms so diff properties
What are structural isomers
Same molecular formula but diff structural formulae
as the chain of alkanes increases, so does the boiling point why?
Larger molecules have more surface area for contact w adjacent molecules. Means increase of dipole to dipole forces. Stronger intermolecular attraction more energy needed to overcome to change state
why do structural isomers of alkanes have diff b.p
Branched chains so smaller surface area than straight their straight chain equivalents. Less surface area feet dipole to dipole attractions. lower Bp than straight chained isomer
Why are alkanes not very reactive?
Large amount of energy needed to break covalent bonds
What is halogenation
Halogen is added across the C=C bond. Adding bromine water to Allkene will form haloalkane n bromine water will decolourise bcz it is removed.
to calculate ethaply change what equation do u use?
Q = mc🔺T
if the reaction is exothermic the enthalpy change is?
Positive
What Is enthalpy change?
Heat exchange with the surrounding during a reaction
