Strength Of Materials Flashcards
(36 cards)
STUDY OF THE INTERNAL EFFECTS OF
EXTERNAL FORCES APPLIED TO A BODY
Strength of materials
MEASUREMENT OF THE AMOUNT OF FORCE
HELD WITHIN AN BOJECT
Stress
INTERNAL RESPONSE OF AN OBJECT TO AN
EXTERNAL PRESSURE
RESISTING FORCE PER UNIT AREA
Stress
unit of Pressure, Stress,& Strength
Pascal
FORCES
ALONG
THE
LONGITUDINAL AXIS (OR LENGTH)
OF THE MATERIAL
Axial force
STRESS DEVELOPED TO RESIST
AXIAL FORCE
Axial stress
SHORTENING OR
PUSHING TOGETHER
Compression
STRETCHING OR PUSHING
APART
Tension
FORCES PERPENDICULAR TO
THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS OF A
MEMBER
Transverse force
STRESS
ACTING
PERPENDICULAR TO THE
AREA OF CONTACT
Normal stress
STRESS
ACTING
PARALLEL TO THE AREA
Shear stress
FORCES PERPENDICULAR TO
AN AREA, IN OPPOSITION TO A
FORCE ACTING IN THE OPPOSITE
DIRECTION
Shear force
FORCES PRODUCING BOTH TENSION AND
COMPRESSION ON THE CROSS-SECTION OF THE
BODY
Bending stress
A SHEAR STRESS PRODUCED WHEN A TWIST
Torsional stress
DEFORMATION OF A BODY DUE TO STRESSCANNOT EXIST WITHOUT STRESS
• HAS NO UNIT
Strain
STRAIGHT LINE FROM
ORIGIN
LIMIT WHEREIN STRESS
IS STILL PROPORTIONAL TO
STRAIN
Proportional limit(hooke’s law)
PROPORTIONALITY
CONSTANT
BETWEEN
STRESS AND STRAIN
THE SLOPE OF THE LINE
FROM
ORIGIN
TO
PROPORTIONAL LIMIT
Modulus of elasticity (young’s modulus)
LIMIT BEYOND WHICH
THE MATERIAL WILL NO
LONGER GO BACK TO ITS
ORIGINAL SHAPE WHEN
THE LOAD IS REMOVED
Elastic limit
RANGE WHEREIN THE
SHAPE IS RECOVERABLE
AND DEFORMATION IS
REVERSIBLE
ORIGIN UP TO ELASTIC
LIMIT
Elastic range
ABILITY
OF
A
MATERIAL TO ABSORB
ENERGY
WITHOUT
CREATING A PERMANENT
DISTORTION
AREA
UNDER
THE
STRESS-STRAIN
CURVE
FROM ‘O’ TO ‘E
Elastic of resilience
RANGE WHEREIN THE
DEFORMATION
IS
PERMANENT
BEYOND ELASTIC LIMIT
Plastic range
POINT AT WHICH THE
MATERIAL
WILL
HAVE
ELONGATION
WITHOUT
ANY INCREASE IN LOAD
Yield point
THE MAXIMUM STRESS
THAT CAN BE SUSTAINED
BY THE MATERIAL
Ultimate strength (tensile strength)
THE STRENGTH OF THE
MATERIAL AT FAILURE
Rapture strength (breaking strength)