Stretching - Class 2

Question 1

stretching

Answer 1

any therapeutic maneuver designed to

-lengthen shortened soft tissue structures

-increase ROM

Question 2

stretching will cause

Answer 2

structures that have become adaptively shortened become lengthened

Question 3

hypomobility

Answer 3

decreased or restricted motion caused by adaptive shortening of the tissues

Question 4

what causes hypomobility

Answer 4

immobilization

lifestyle

posture

postural alignment

neuromuscular disorders

Question 5

contracture

Answer 5

adaptive shortening of a the muscle-tendon unit and other soft tissues that cross of surround a joint

Question 6

what does a contracture result in

Answer 6

significant resistance to passive stretch

Question 7

what can a contracture show

Answer 7

obvious limitations in ROM

great affects on fxnal ability

Question 8

what is detrimental

Answer 8

the supporting structures of a joint and the strength of the muscles around a joint are insufficient –> cannot hold a joint in a stable, fxnal position during activities

Question 9

stretching can decrease

Answer 9

power generation

Question 10

indications of stretching

Answer 10

decreased ROM

prevent structural deformities

muscle weakness and shortening of opposing tissues

component of total fitness or conditioning program

pt desire

Question 11

what may stretching be used

Answer 11

prior to or after vigorous exercise

Question 12

contraindications to stretching

Answer 12

bony block that limits joint motion

recent fx or incomplete bony union

sharp pain w/ movement

hypermobility

Question 13

contraindications to stretching (2)

Answer 13

acute hematoma

shortened tissues that provide stability

certain mm on an individual with SCI

life threatening situations

Question 14

when to be cautious

Answer 14

if someone hasn’t been stretched in an extended period of time

immobilization, inactivity, injury, frail, elderly

Question 15

principles for stretching to be effective

Answer 15

alignment

stabilization

intensity

duration

Question 16

principles for stretching to be effective (2)

Answer 16

speed

frequency

mode

inhibition or facilitation

Question 17

alignment

Answer 17

position of a limb or the body that the stretch force is given tot he appropriate muscle group

Question 18

what is necessary to maintain good alignment

Answer 18

stabilization

Question 19

how does stabilization help stretching

Answer 19

one site of attachment of a muscle being stretching is stabilized so that the stretch force is applied to the other body attachment

Question 20

intensity of stretch

Answer 20

magnitude of the stretch applied

Question 21

duration of stretch

Answer 21

length of time stretch is applied

Question 22

speed of stretch

Answer 22

speed on initial application of stretch force

Question 23

what speed is generally recommended

Answer 23

slow force

Question 24

why use a slow force

Answer 24

minimize mm activation

reduces risk of injury and soreness

avoids stimulation of stretch reflex

Question 25

frequency of stretch

Answer 25

number of sessions per day or wk

Question 26

mode of stretch

Answer 26

form or matter in which force is applied pt participation source of the stretch

Question 27

form or matter in which force is applied --> mode of stretch

Answer 27

statis ballistic cyclic

Question 28

pt participation --> mode of stretch

Answer 28

passive assisted active

Question 29

source of the stretch --> mode of stretch

Answer 29

manual self mechanical

Question 30

how to prepare a pt

Answer 30

general warm up local heat application relaxation techniques proper hand placements/grip watch pt response

Question 31

general warm up --> prepare

Answer 31

increase blood flow

Question 32

watch pt response --> prepare

Answer 32

watch for pain/guarding

Question 33

stretching techniques

Answer 33

static stretching ballistic stretching proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching

Question 34

static stretching

Answer 34

muscle and connective tissue are help in a stationary position at their greatest possible length

Question 35

duration of static stretching

Answer 35

30-60 s

Question 36

ballistic stretching

Answer 36

quick movements impose a rapid change in length of muscle or connective tissue

Question 37

what initiates ballistic stretching

Answer 37

active contraction of the muscles antagonistic to the muscles and connective tissue being stretching

Question 38

what does ballistic stretching have a greater chance of

Answer 38

mm soreness and injury

Question 39

proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching

Answer 39

principles of reciprocal and autogenic inhibition

Question 40

principles of reciprocal and autogenic inhibition

Answer 40

contact-relax sequence agonist contraction contract-relax-agonist contraction

Question 41

contract-relax

Answer 41

bring limb to end range - gentle stretch ask for and resist an isometric contraction of the muscle being stretched for approx 6 sec then ask the pt to relax the muscle increase the stretch and repat the procedure two to four times

Question 42

prolonged passive stretching

Answer 42

low-intensity external force applied to shortened tissues over a prolonged period

Question 43

stretching of a short muscle should always be followed by

Answer 43

active strengthening of the opposing muscle in the shortened range

Question 44

follow stretching w/

Answer 44

fxnal activity

Question 45

effects of stretching

Answer 45

limited short and long term effects of pain, spasticity, contracture and activity limitations can improve ROM if performed consistently

Question 46

stretching should be

Answer 46

selective and pt centered

Question 47

educate pt and ourselves on

Answer 47

effectiveness and necessity

Question 48

what can stretching be replace dby

Answer 48

eccentric exercises

Question 49

progression

Answer 49

PROM --> stretch --> A/AAROM with new range --> resistive exercise -fxnal activities

Question 50

dosage --> frequency

Answer 50

lower intensity exercise performed for a shorter duration

Question 51

exercise frequency is related to

Answer 51

purpose of the exercise

Question 52

physiologic/kinesiologic purposed

Answer 52

2-5x/day

Question 53

learning purposes

Answer 53

performed frequently throughout the day