Stroke Flashcards
Name two types of strokes
Ischaemic and haemorrhagic
Name the two types of ischaemic strokes
Thrombotic or embolic
Name the two types of haemorrhagic strokes
Intracerebral or subarachnoid
Describe a transient ischaemic attack
A ‘mini stroke,’ where the symptoms resolve within 24 hours (most within 1 hour). No infarction occurs
Define FAST
Face, arms, speech, time
List 4 modifiable risk factors for strokes
Hypertension, diabetes, tobacco smoking, physical inactivity, dyslipidaemia, etc
Main drug used for thrombolysis?
Alteplase
Alteplase MOA?
A recombinant plasminogen activator. Turns plasminogen into plasmin, which degrades the fibrin mesh work of a clot
When can aspirin be given after a stroke?
Within 48 hours. But not within 24 hours of alteplase administration
Dosage of acute aspirin?
300mg single dose
When can mechanism techniques / endovascular thrombectomy happen?
Anywhere between 4.5 hours to 24 hours after the onset of symptoms
List some complications / consequences of a stroke
Reduced cognition, depression, DVT, dysphagia, seizures
Why do you not want to reduce the BP too soon after a stroke?
Can compromise cerebral blood flow. Only initiate antihypertensives if the patients BP is really high (above 220+), or a few other criteria
Long term dose of aspirin given post stroke?
Low dose. 75-150mg. Usually 100
Why is clopidogrel not effective in those with no CYP2C19 function?
Because it is a prodrug and requires this enzyme for metabolism into active form
