Stroke

Question 1

what is a stroke

Answer 1

“Sudden and unexpected damage to brain cells that causes symptoms that last for more than 24 hours in the parts of the body controlled by those cells”

Question 2

types of strokes

Answer 2

Ischemic stroke OR brain infarction
- embolus (muscles) or thrombus (heart) lodges in a vessel, obstructing blood flow (blockage)

Haemorrhagic stroke
- burst/ bleed

Subarachnoid haemorrhage
- bleeding into the subarachnoid space

Question 3

Stroke: anterior cerebral artery

Answer 3

• loss of fine touch in contralateral lower limb
• contralateral hemiplegia and gait difficulties
• lack of emotional expressiveness and impulsiveness
• difficulties with divergent thinking

Question 4

Stroke: medial cerebral artery

Answer 4

• contralateral homonymous hemianopia - visual deficit (loss of vision in same half of both eyes)
• difficulty understanding spatial relationships
• contralateral hemiplegia +
  contralateral hemisensory loss

Question 5

Stroke: posterior cerebral artery

Answer 5

• difficulties with eye movement/ blindness

memory loss - hippocampus +

Question 6

circle of willis

Answer 6

basilar artery and internal carotid arteries link up on the inferior surface

3 major paired cerebral arteries arise from the circle of Willis = anterior cerebral, middle cerebral and posterior cerebral

Question 7

meninges

Answer 7

• cover and protect the CNS
• protect blood vessels
• form dural venous sinuses
  house cerebrospinal fluid

Question 8

layers of meninges

Answer 8

dura mater= outer most
arachnoid mater
pia mater