Stroke Rehab Lingo Flashcards
(34 cards)
Definition of Acute
Rapid onset, severe symptoms, and a short course; not chronic.
Define Atrophy
A continuous decline of a body part or tissue, usually a muscle, following a period of disuse or immobility.
What is Biofeedback?
A relearning technique that teaches patients how to gain voluntary control over muscle tension, brain waves and other bodily functions and processes by providing them access to physiological information about which they are unaware.
What is the part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord which coordinates the entire nervous system of the body?
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Define Chronic
A disease (or condition) that is long lasting or permanent. In the case of stroke, chronic may be applied to a condition that persistent past three, six or 12 months.
Define Muscle Contraction
A muscle contraction occurs when a muscle cell lengthens or shortens. Contraction is controlled by the central nervous system comprised of the brain and spinal cord.
Define Contracture
A chronic loss of joint motion due to structural changes in non-bony tissue (i.e. muscles, ligaments, and tendons), and may be the result of immobilization due to nerve injury, such as stroke, or other injury or disease.
What are conditions under which a device (or medication or procured) is not advisable. Opposite of “indicated” or “clinical indication”.
Contraindicated
Paralysis or severe weakness (paresis) of one side of the body, usually due to injury or disease of the brain or spinal cord is known as:
Hemiplegia
What is hypertonia?
A condition marked by an abnormal increase in the tightness of muscle tone and a reduced ability of the muscle to stretch (ie. Increased stiffness) It is generally accompanied by (increased) spasticity of a particular muscle.
What is hypotonia?
Reduced tension, relaxation of arteries. Loss of muscle tone.
Define Ischemia:
Not receiving the needed blood flow in a body part.
Define Distal:
Moving further from the midline of the body.
What is the name of a sensor placed on the surface of the skin, directly above the muscles, that detects small electrical current or signals that comes from active muscles and may be used to evaluate the functional status of skeletal muscles and assist in neuromuscular training and rehabilitation.
sEMG sensor (surface Electromyography sensor)
What are EMG-controlled robotics?
Robotic devices that are initiated and controlled by a sEMG sensor to move a body part or initiate a muscle contraction.
Define Gross Motor Skills:
Skills that involve larger muscles; generally larger muscles develop before smaller ones; thus, gross motor development is generally considered the foundation for developing skills in other areas (such as fine motor skills).
Define Motor Skill
A skill that requires a patient to use their skeletal muscles properly and is dependent (along with motor control) upon the proper functioning of the brain, skeleton, joints and nervous system.
The development of action and coordination of one’s limbs, as well as the development of strength, posture control, balance and perceptual skills is known as:
Motor Development
Motor learning is:
The process of improving the motor skills, smoothness and accuracy of movements. The cerebellum and basal ganglia are critical for motor learning.
Motions that may occur in more than one plane of motion (front & back, side to side, twisting)
Multi-plane movements
The complex system that includes the bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles, and nerves.
Musculoskeletal system
The human system that coordinates the activity of the muscles, monitors the organs, constructs and also stops input from the senses, and initiates actions
Nervous system
What is a neuron?
A cell specialized to conduct and generate electrical impulses and to carry information from one part of the brain to another.
A person versed in neurology, usually a physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the nervous system and the study of its functioning.
Neurologist
