Stroke/SCI Syndromes

Question 1

MCA

Answer 1

• hemiplegia
• global aphasia
• weakness UE > LE
• facial weakness
• sensory ataxia

Question 2

ACA

Answer 2

• uncommon
• weakness LE > UE
• abulia
• akinetic mutism
• c/L hemiparesis and sensory loss in LE

Question 3

PCA

Answer 3

• visual agnosia
• weber syndrome
• dyslexia
• C/L sensory loss
• thalamic syndrome
• disinhibition syndrome
• C/L hemiplegia and ataxia
• CN III palsy
• hemiballismus
• homonymous hemianopsia

Question 4

Thalamic syndrome

Answer 4

-abnormal sensation of pain, temp, proprio, touch

Question 5

Vertebral and PICA syndrome

Answer 5

• vertigo, nausea
• hoarseness
• dysphasia
• ipsilateral ataxia, ptosis
• impairment of sensation on I/L face

Question 6

Sup. cerebellar artery

Answer 6

• ipsilateral ataxia
• nausea, vomiting
• dysarthria
• dysmetria

Question 7

AICA

Answer 7

• horner’s syndrome
• I/L deafness
• facial weakness
• vertigo, n/V
• nystagmus
• ataxia

Question 8

Internal capsule

Answer 8

• C/L face, UE, LE hemiplegia
• C/L sensory loss
• homonymous hemianopsia

Question 9

Pontine lesion

Answer 9

• I/L ataxia, nystagmus
• diplopia
• C/L hemiparesis, sensation loss
• can cause “locked in” syndreom

Question 10

Medial medullary syndrome

Answer 10

• I/L paralysis of 1/2 tongue

- C/L hemiplegia, sensory loss

Question 11

Lateral medullary syndrome (wallenburg)

Answer 11

• I/L cerebellar symptoms
• loss of P/temp to face
• sensory loss UE, trunk, LE
• Horner’s syndrome
• impaired speech

Question 12

Weber’s syndrome

Answer 12

• C/L weakness UE and LE

- I/L lateral gaze weakness, CN III palsy

Question 13

Complete cord lesion

Answer 13

• (B) loss of all sensory

- (B) loss of all motor

Question 14

Horner’s syndrome

Answer 14

• decrease pupil size
• dysarthria
• dysphagia
• ataxia
• diplopia
• vertigo/nystagmus
• anhidrosis
• ptosis

Question 15

Central cord syndrome

Answer 15

• (B) loss P!/temp (spinothalamic tract)
• (B) loss motor function UE>LE (ventral horn)
• proprioception and discrimination intact

Question 16

Brown-sequard syndrome

Answer 16

• hemisection of sc
• I/L loss of discrimination, pressure, vibration, proprio (dorsal columns)
• I/L loss motor function (corticospinal)
• C/L loss P!//temp below lesion (spinothalamic), (B) at level of lesion

Question 17

Ant. cord

Answer 17

• (B) loss of motor function (lat. corticospinal)
• (B) loss of P!/temp (spinothalamic)
• preservation of dorsal column

Question 18

Post. cord

Answer 18

• loss of dorsal column (B) (proprio, vibration, pressure, stereognosis, 2pt discrimination)
• preservation of motor, light touch, pain, temp

Question 19

Cauda equina

Answer 19

• variable damage
• peripheral nerve syndrome
• flaccid paralysis with no spinal reflexes
• flaccid bowel/bladder
• potential for nerve generation