STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE LOWER EXTREMITY MSK SYSTEM

Question 1

Two hip bones that are each composed of

Answer 1

(1) Ilium
(2) Ischium
(3) Pubis

Question 2

Which part of the hip bone is the largest, most superior portion

Answer 2

Ilium

Question 3

Which portion of the hip bone is the “sit bone”

Answer 3

Ischium

Question 4

Which portion of the hip is the lower anterior portion

Answer 4

pubis

Question 5

What forms the socket for the head of the femur

Answer 5

Acetabulum

Question 6

what is Formed by articulation of the ischium and pubis

Answer 6

Obturator Foramen

Question 7

Largest foramen in the body

Answer 7

Obturator Foramen

Question 8

What muscle Flexes and rotates thigh laterally

Answer 8

Psoas major

Question 9

What muscle Flexes and rotates thigh laterally

Answer 9

Iliacus

Question 10

What muscle Extends and rotates thigh laterally

-Helps lock knee in extension

Answer 10

Gluteus maximus

Question 11

What muscle Abducts and rotates thigh medially

Answer 11

Gluteus medius

Question 12

What muscle Flexes and abducts thigh at hip joint

-Helps lock knee in extension

Answer 12

Tensor fascia latae`

Question 13

What muscle Adducts, rotates, and flexes thigh at hip joint

Answer 13

Adductor longus

Question 14

What muscle Adducts, flexes, rotates, and extends thigh at the hip joint

Answer 14

Adductor magnus

Question 15

What muscle External rotation of thigh laterally and abducts

Answer 15

Piriformis

Question 16

What muscle Flexes and adducts thigh

Answer 16

Pectineus

Question 17

Strongest bone in the body.

Answer 17

Femur

Question 18

The femur Articulates with the

Answer 18

patella and tibia at distal end

Head articulates with the acetabulum

Question 19

Develops in the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle

Answer 19

Patella

Question 20

Functions of the Patella

Answer 20

(a) Provides leverage for the quadriceps muscle

(b) Protect the knee

Question 21

Larger, medial, weight bearing bone of the lower leg

Answer 21

Tibia

Question 22

Attachment site for the patella ligament

Answer 22

Tibial tuberosity

Question 23

None weight bearing bone in the lower leg

Answer 23

Fibula

Question 24

How does the fibula attach to the tibia

Answer 24

via the interosseous membrane

Question 25

(1) Extends from the patella to the tibial tuberosity | (2) Strengthens anterior surface of the knee

Answer 25

Patellar ligament

Question 26

What ligament Strengthens the medial aspect of the knee

Answer 26

Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)

Question 27

What ligament Strengthens the lateral aspect of the knee

Answer 27

Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)

Question 28

What ligament (1) Extends posteriorly and laterally from the tibia to femur (2) Limits hyperextension of the knee and prevents anterior sliding of the tibia on the femur

Answer 28

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)

Question 29

What ligament (1) Extends anteriorly and medially from the tibia to the femur (2) Prevents posterior sliding of the tibia on the femur

Answer 29

Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)

Question 30

fibrocartilage discs that fit between tibial and femoral condyles

Answer 30

Menisci (Medial and lateral menisci)

Question 31

Sac filled structures filled with fluid and reduce friction

Answer 31

Bursae

Question 32

Where in the knee can you find bursae

Answer 32

(c) Prepatellar (d) Pen anserine (e) Infrapatellar (f) Suprapatellar

Question 33

What muscle (1) Adducts and medially rotates thigh (2) Flexes leg at the knee

Answer 33

Gracilis

Question 34

What muscle Adduct the femur

Answer 34

Adductor magnus / adductor longus / pectineus

Question 35

What muscle (1) Extends the knee (2) Flexes the hip (a) Located anterior to other quadriceps muscles

Answer 35

Rectus feoris

Question 36

What muscle Extend the knee

Answer 36

Vastus lateralis, medialis, and intermedius

Question 37

What muscle (1) Flexes the knee (2) Weakly flexes the hip (3) Abducts and laterally rotates the thigh

Answer 37

Sartorius

Question 38

What muscle (1) Extends thigh at the hip (2) Flexes the leg at the knee joint

Answer 38

Biceps femoris (hamstrings)

Question 39

What muscle (1) Extends the thigh at the hip (2) Flexes leg at the knee

Answer 39

Semitendinosis

Question 40

What muscle (1) Extends the thigh at the hip (2) Flexes leg at the knee

Answer 40

Semimembranosis

Question 41

What forms the ankle mortis

Answer 41

(1) Formed by distal end of tibia and fibula (2) Tibia forms the medial malleolus (3) Fibula forms the lateral malleolus

Question 42

What are the seven bones of the ankle

Answer 42

(1) Large talus (ankle bone) (2) Calcaneus (heel bone) (3) Cuboid (lateral) (4) Navicular (medial) (5) Cuneiforms (numbered 1-3 medial to lateral)

Question 43

(lateral ankle) | What ligament Extends from talus to fibula

Answer 43

Anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL)

Question 44

(lateral ankle) | What ligament Extends from calcaneus to fibula

Answer 44

Calcaneofibular ligament (CFL)

Question 45

(lateral ankle) | What ligament Extends from talus to fibula

Answer 45

Posterior talofibular ligament (PTFL)

Question 46

(medial ankle) What ligament (a) Four ligaments fused into one (b) Connects the tibia to the talus, calcaneus, and navicular bones

Answer 46

Deltoid ligaments

Question 47

Which muscle Dorsiflexes and inverts the foot

Answer 47

Tibialis anterior

Question 48

Which muscle (1) Dorsiflexes and everts the foot (2) Extends toes

Answer 48

Extensor digitorum longus

Question 49

Which muscle Plantar flexes and everts foot

Answer 49

Fibularis longus

Question 50

Which muscle (1) Plantarflexes foot (2) Flexes leg at the knee

Answer 50

Gastrocneumius

Question 51

Which muscle Plantarflexes foot

Answer 51

Soleus

Question 52

Which muscle Plantarflexes and inverts foot

Answer 52

Tibialis posterior

Question 53

Which muscle (1) Plantarflexes foot (2) Flexes toes

Answer 53

Flexor digitorum longus