Structure And Functional Localization Of The Cerebral Cortex

Question 1

It forms the complete covering of the cerebral hemisphere?

Answer 1

• cerebral cortex

Question 2

The cerebral cortex is composed of?

Answer 2

gray matter

Question 3

Also known as Betz cells

Answer 3

pyramidal cells

Question 4

Also known as Granule cells?

Answer 4

Stellate cells

Question 5

Run at the right angles to the cortical surface

Answer 5

Radial fibers

Question 6

Run parallel to the cortical surface

Answer 6

tangential fibers

Question 7

The tangential fibers are most concentrated in layers 4 and 5, where they are reffered to as the outer and inner

Answer 7

bands of Baillanger

Question 8

In the visual cortex, the outer band of Baillarger can be seen with the naked eye is known as

Answer 8

stria of Gennari

Question 9

The visual cortex in the walls of calcarine sulcus is sometimes called?

Answer 9

striate cortex

Question 10

6 layers of cerebral cortex

Answer 10

1. Molecular layer (plexiform layer)
2. External granular layer
3. External pyramidal layer
4. Internal granular layer
5. Internal pyramidal layer (ganglionic layer)
6. Multiform layer (layer of polymorphic cells)

Question 11

Majority of cells are fusiform, many are modified pyramidal cells, and cells of Martinotti are conspicuous.

Answer 11

multiform layer

Question 12

Most superficial layer

Answer 12

molecular layer

Question 13

This layer contains large numbers of small pyramidal cells and stellate cells

Answer 13

external granular layer

Question 14

This layer contain of closely packed stellate cells with a high concentration of horizontally arranged fibers known as external band of Baillarger

Answer 14

internal granular layer

Question 15

Those areas of the cerebral cortex in which the basic six layers cannot be recognized are referred to as

Answer 15

heterotypical areas

Question 16

The precentral area is divided into a posterior region referred to as the motor area, primary area or Brodmann area number?

Answer 16

4

Question 17

The anterior region of the precentral area known as

Answer 17

• premotor area, secondary motor area

- Brodmann area 6, 8, 44, 45

Question 18

It is situated in the medial frontal gyri

Answer 18

supplementary motor area

Question 19

It extends forward form the facial area of the precentral gyrus into the middle frontal gyrus

Answer 19

frontal eye field

Question 20

The motor speech area of Broca is located in the

Answer 20

inferior frontal gyri

Question 21

Area that brings about the formation of words by its connections with the adjacent primary motor areas

Answer 21

Broca speech area

Question 22

This area of prefrontal area is concerned with the makeup of the individual’s personality

Answer 22

prefrontal cortex

Question 23

This area of prefrontal area plays a role as a regulator of the person’s depth of feeling

Answer 23

prefrontal cortex

Question 24

An extensive area that lies anterior to the precentral area

Answer 24

prefrontal cortex

Question 25

Area that lies in the posterior region of precentral area

Answer 25

motor area, primary motor area

Question 26

Area that lies in the anterior region of precentral area

Answer 26

premotor area, secondary motor area

Question 27

It occupies the postcentral gyrus on the lateral surface of the hemisphere and the posterior part of the paracentral lobule on the medial surface

Answer 27

Primary somesthetic area

Question 28

It is an area receives projection fibers from the ventral posterolateral and ventral posteromedial nuclei of the thalamus

Answer 28

Primary somesthetic area

Question 29

It receives the ascending trigeminal and gustatory pathways

Answer 29

ventral posteromedial nucleus

Question 30

It receives the ascending sensory tracts, the medial and spinal lemnisci

Answer 30

ventral posteromedial nucleus

Question 31

It is in the superior lip of the posterior limb of the lateral fissure

Answer 31

secondary somesthetic area

Question 32

It occupies the superior parietal lobule extending onto the medial surface of the hemisphere

Answer 32

somesthetic association area

Question 33

Its main function is probably to receive and integrate different sensory modalities

Answer 33

somesthetic association area

Question 34

Somesthetic association area is responsible for?

Answer 34

stereognosis

Question 35

It is situated in the walls of the posterior part of the calcarine sulcus and occasionally extends around the occipital pole onto the lateral surface of the hemisphere

Answer 35

primary visual area ( Brodmann area 17)

Question 36

Function of primary visual area?

Answer 36

for vision to occur

Question 37

It surrounds the primary visual area on the medial and lateral surfaces of the hemisphere

Answer 37

secondary visual area ( Brodmann area 18 and 19)

Question 38

Its function is to relate the visual information received by the primary visual area to past visual experiences, thus enabling the individual what he or she is seeing.

Answer 38

secondary visual area ( Brodmann area 18 and 19)

Question 39

It is thought to exist in the secondary visual area in human

Answer 39

occipital eye field

Question 40

It includes the gyrus of Heschl and is situated in the inferior wall of the lateral sulcus.

Answer 40

primary auditory area (Brodmann area 41 and 42)

Question 41

Part of Situated posterior to the primary auditory area in the lateral sulcus and in the superior temporal gyrus.

Answer 41

Secondary auditory area (auditory association cortex)

Question 42

It is thought to be necessary for the interpretation of sounds and for the association of the auditory input with other sensory information.

Answer 42

Secondary auditory area (auditory association cortex)

Question 43

It is localized in the left dominant hemisphere, maybe in the superior temporal gyrus with extensions around the posterior end of the lateral sulcus into the parietal region.

Answer 43

sensory speech area of Wernicke

Question 44

Permits understanding of written and spoken language and enables a person to read a sentence, understand it, and say it out loud.

Answer 44

Wernicke area

Question 45

Wernicke area is connected to the Broca area by the?

Answer 45

arcuate fassiculus

Question 46

It is situated at the lower end of the postcentral gyrus in the superior wall of the lateral sulcus and in the adjoining area of the insula.

Answer 46

taste area

Question 47

It is believed to be situated near the part of the postcentral gyrus concerned with the sensations of face

Answer 47

vestibular area

Question 48

An area of the cerebral cortex that is buried within the lateral sulcus and forms its floor.

Answer 48

insula

Question 49

This area is thought to be important for planning and coordinating the circulatory movements necessary for speech.

Answer 49

insula

Question 50

Handedness, perception of language, and speech are functional areas of behavior that are controlled by _________ in most individuals

Answer 50

dominant hemisphere

Question 51

Spatial information, recognition of faces and music are interpreted by

Answer 51

nondominant hemisphere

Question 52

Right handed people dominant is

Answer 52

left hemisphere dominant