structure and functions of the musculoskeletal system

Question 1

bones in the body

Answer 1

cranium
humerus
vertebrate
scapula
clavicle
radius
ulna
sternum
patella
pelvis
femur
tibia
fibula
talus

Question 2

functions of the skeleton

Answer 2

1.Support and structure
2.Protection of vital organs
3.Movement
4.Mineral Storage
5.Blood Cell Production

Question 3

What is Support/Structure in structure of the skeleton

Answer 3

bones offer framework to support body+house vital organs

Question 4

What is protection of vital organs in function of the skeleton?

Answer 4

different bone types protect vital organs such as the heart,brain and lungs

Question 5

What is movement in the function of the skeleton?

Answer 5

bones acts as levers for muscles to allow the body to move

Question 6

What is mineral storage in the function of the skeleton

Answer 6

bones store minerals such as calcium and phosphate

Question 7

What is blood cell production in the function of the skeleton

Answer 7

bone marrow creates blood cells

Question 8

what is the structure of the skeleton

Answer 8

1.provides a framework for movement
2.allows movement to occur at a joint
3.flat bones provide protection of vital organs
4.skeleton provides a point of attachment for muscles-when muscles contract they pull a bone

Question 9

What type of bone is the cranium

Answer 9

Flat bone

Question 10

What does the cranium offer?

Answer 10

Protection and structure to the brain

Question 11

What type of bone is the vertebrate

Answer 11

Flat bone

Question 12

What does the vertebrate do

Answer 12

Runas along the spinal cord and protects it and offers support for the weight if the body and head

Question 13

what does the scapula offer

Answer 13

allows movement of the arm to occur

Question 14

what sporting action does the humerus and scapula do

Answer 14

rotation of the arm for swimming

Question 15

what does the sternum offer

Answer 15

protection of the vital organs in your torso and connection point for other bones and muscles

Question 16

what does the ribs offer?

Answer 16

Provide protection to vital organs (heart and lungs) while also supporting the chest and upper body structure while also allowing for respiration

Question 17

ulna

Answer 17

allows the forearm and hand to be moved towards and away from the body

Question 18

radius

Answer 18

connects with wrist joint and allows actions such as throwing a ball effectively

Question 19

what does the pelvis offer

Answer 19

connects spine to the lower limbs.offering the location for many muscles to join

Question 20

what is the femur + its functions

Answer 20

strongest + longest bone in the body
connects to the pelvis
transmits force from the tibia to the hip joint

Question 21

whats the tibia + its functions

Answer 21

shin bone
bears most of the body’s weight and absorbs as we walk or run.

Question 22

role of the fibula

Answer 22

stablises the ankle and supports the muscles in the lower leg

Question 23

what is the function of the talus

Answer 23

allows lower body movement frlm the ankle joint

Question 24

what do muscles do

Answer 24

muscles attach to bones via tendons to allow movement at joints

Question 25

what are the muscles on the front side of the body?

Answer 25

deltoids rotator cuffs pectorals abdominals biceps hip flexors quadriceps tibalis anterior

Question 26

what are the muscles in the flip side of the body

Answer 26

triceps latissimus dorsi gluteals hamstrings gastrochemius

Question 27

what are synovial joints?

Answer 27

synovial joints are filled with fluid that surround cartilage attached to the end of bones that meet at the joint

Question 28

how do synovial joints reduce the risk of injury

Answer 28

1.A tough capsule that surrounds the joint,lined by a synovial membrane 2.Ligaments joining bones to bones which prevents unnecessary movement and dislocations 3.Synovial fluid that lubricates the joint(created in the capsule) reduces friction and wear of the joint 4.Further smaller bags of synovial fluid called bursae also surrounds the joint to prevent friction from the movement of tendons across the surface of the joint

Question 29

what are the different type of synovial joints

Answer 29

hinge joint ball and socket joint

Question 30

what is extension?

Answer 30

increasing the angle of a joint

Question 31

what is flexion?

Answer 31

decreasing the angle of the joint

Question 32

what us plantar flexion

Answer 32

the action of pointing your toes towards the ground

Question 33

what is dorsiflexion?

Answer 33

pulling your toes up towards your lower leg

Question 34

what is adduction?

Answer 34

the action of moving the arm down towards the body

Question 35

what is abduction ?

Answer 35

the action of moving the arm up and away from the body

Question 36

where are hinge located + sporting example

Answer 36

Humerus and radius -a bicep curl when completing weight lifting activities Femur and Tibia -a lunge when attempting to reach a net shot in badminton Tibia + Fibula + Talus -maintaining balance when performing kicking in swimming

Question 37

where are ball and socket joints located + a sporting example

Answer 37

Clavicle + Scapula + Deltoid -front crawl in swimming Femur and Pelvis -Efficient movement of the leg when kicking in football

Question 38

How do muscles work together ?

Answer 38

Antagonistic pairs

Question 39

What is the agonist

Answer 39

the muscle that contracts to cause the movement.Also known as the prime mover

Question 40

What is the antagonist?

Answer 40

the muscle the relaxes

Question 41

what is the different types of contractions?

Answer 41

isotonic isometric

Question 42

what is an isotonic contraction?

Answer 42

concentric-shortening/contracting eccentric-relaxing/lengthening

Question 43

What is isometric contractions?

Answer 43

Relaxed,unmoving state of the muscle.It is still tight.