Structure Of The Brain, Eye, And Ear Flashcards
(18 cards)
How many parts is the brain broken into?
3 parts: Forebrian, Midbrain and Hindbrain
Describe the function and structure of the forebrain.
The full brain is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for complex cognitive functions. Its structure includes the cerebrum, thalamus and hypothalamus. It’s function is high or functions like thinking reasoning memory language and emotional processing.
Describe the structure and function of the midbrain
The mid brain connects the brain parts. It plays a crucial role in motor movement, sensory processing and relaying information between the full brain and hind braid. It includes the tectum, tegmentum and cerebral peduncles. Its function is motor control processing visual and auditory information and regulating alertness and temperature.
Describe the structure and function if the hindbrain
My managers coordination balance and automatic functions like heart rate and the structure includes the cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata (which together forms part of the brainstem). It’s function is to regulate vital life sustaining functions, coordinates movement and balance and connects the brain to spinal cord.
What are the parts of the cerebellum?
Frontal lobe, Parietal lobe, Occipital lobe and Temporal lobe
What are the functions for the parts of the cerebrum?
Frontal lobe: it’s important for vocabulary movement expressive language and for managing high-level executive functions
Parietal lobe: vital for sensory perception and interrogation, including management of taste hearing site touch and smell
Occipital lobe: associated with visual processing distant and depth perception, colour determination and object and face recognition.
Temporal lobe: help us use your senses to understand and respond to the world around you.
What are the layers of the human eyes?
- Sclera coat (outer layer)
- Choriod coat (middle layer)
- Retina (inner layer)
What is in the sclera coat (outer layer) and what’s its function?
- Cornea- clear, transparent part of the eye which lets light into the eye. It is curved so it allows light to approaching the eye to be bent towards the pupil.
- Sclera- the white part of the eye that provides protection and structure.
Function: protects the eye and maintains its shape.
What is in the choroid coat (middle layer) and what’s its function?
- Choriod- contains blood vessels and supplies nur and oxygen for the retina.
- Iris- coloured ring of muscle that controls the amount of light entering ur eye.
- Ciliary body- controls shape of lens
Function: provides nutrients for the eye, controls light entry by adjusting size of pupil and helps with lens focusing.
What is in the retina (inner layer) and what’s its function?
- Neural layer- contains photoreceptors that detect light
- Pigmented layer- supports the photoreceptors and absorbs stray light.
Function: converts light to electrical signals that are sent through the optic nerve and to the brain.
What part of the eye reacts to light?
The retina
How does the eye react to light?
Light adaption (going from dark to bright)- the pupil gets smaller to let less light in, the rods turn off and the cones turn on. It takes a few seconds to a few minutes to readjust
Dark adaption (going from bright to dark)- the pupil gets bigger, cones stop working well and then rodes slowly turn on. Takes up to 20-30 mins to adapt to full night vision.
What are the two main type of photoreceptors?
Cones and rods
What are rods?
Help you see in dim or dark light, don’t rpdetect colour only black and white, very sensitive in light
What are cones?
Work best in bright light, detect colour, help see fine details
Where are the rods and cones.
The rods are found around the edges of the retina.
The cones are found in the centre of the retina.
What is the lens?
The lens is a clear jellylike structure that its main job is to focus on light and changes it shape to see clearly at different distances.
What is the pupil?
A hole in the iris. Controls how much light enters your eye.
