Structure Part 2

Question 1

An extension of the cell membrane that folds into the cytoplasm …………

Answer 1

Mesosome

Question 2

Site of attachment of DNA chromosome during cell division

Answer 2

Mesosome

Question 3

It increases the surface area of the cell membrane and it is the site of respiratory activity

Answer 3

Mesosome

Question 4

The main bacterial chromosomal DNA is …………..but plasmid is ……………..

Answer 4

1/single stranded
2/double stranded

Question 5

……………is dispensable, transmissible, autonomous

Answer 5

Plasmid

Question 6

Endospores are resistance to what kind of radiations ?

Answer 6

Ultraviolet + gamma

Question 7

Spore is formed exclusively by

Answer 7

1/bacillus (aerobic)
2/clostridium(anaerobic)

Question 8

…………..is the spore protoplast (كامل الخلية ماعدا جدارها)

Answer 8

Core

Question 9

The energy of germination is stored in the core of spore as ……………….

Answer 9

3phosphoglycerate = GP =G3P

Question 10

…………….which is in the core ,is a spore-specific chemical that appears to help in the ability for endospores to maintain dormancy. البقاء في سبات

Answer 10

Dipicolinic acid (DPA) +dipicolinic calcium

المادة النووية والطاقة والأنزيمات كلها في القلب
Core

Question 11

…………. ‘S peptidoglycan is sensitive to lysozyme , and its autolysis plays a key role in spore germination .

وهي اثخن طبقة🤐🫥🤪🤪🤪🤪🤪

Answer 11

Cortex

هل تصدق ان القشرة اثخن طبقة🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🍺🤪🤪🤪🤪🤪🤪

Question 12

Its impermeability gives the spore its relative resistiance to antibacterial chemical agents

Answer 12

القمصلة الكيراتينية
(The coat)

Question 13

An membrane of the endospore that is composed mainly of lipoprotein and also contains carbohydrates

Answer 13

Exosporium

Question 14

Sporulation , when carbon and ……………. Are depleted

Answer 14

Nitrogen

Question 15

The core spore has an increase amount of …………..enzyme

Answer 15

Alanin racemase
Which convert ( L-alanin to D-alanin).

Question 16

High perecentage of ………… nitrogenous bases and amino acids containing……….. ,give the spore its ability of resistance of lethal agents .

Answer 16

Cytocin +guanin
Sulfure( cystein)

*سر خلود الأبواغ في (جس+كبريت)🤗

Question 17

Compounds containing sulfhydral group and acidity, can overcome spore…………

Answer 17

Dormancy

Question 18

In initiation of germination , an effector binds to the spore and an autolysin degrades the ………..

Answer 18

Cortex peptidoglycan

Question 19

In initiation of germination ,After degrading of the cortex of the spore , water is……….,calcium dipicolinate is………….., spore constituents are degraded

Answer 19

1/ taken up
2/released

Question 20

…………..spores is used in biological warfare.

Answer 20

Bacillus anthracis

Question 21

……………..spores is used for quality controls of heat sterilization equipments.

Answer 21

Bacillus stearothermophilus

Question 22

Bioflim is ……..

Answer 22

شبكة من عديد السكاريد

Question 23

…………. Forms bioflim , and causes………

Answer 23

Staphylococcus epidermydis
Bacteremia and catheter related sepsis .

Question 24

رتب طبقات الأبواغ
Keratin Coat ,inner membrane,outer membrane ,cortex, cell wall , exosporium,core .

Answer 24

Core
Inner membrane
Cell wall
Cortex
Outer membrane
Keratin Coat
Exosporium

Question 25

الأبواغ ترتدي قمصلة كيراتينية

Answer 25

Keratenic coat

Question 26

Peptidoglycan in spore:- Typical in…………… Atypical in………….

Answer 26

Cell wall Cortex ///// أثخن طبقة

Question 27

Miscellaneous bacteria المتفرقات ، ذوخصائص مختلفة

Answer 27

Don’t stain with gram or acid fast stain

Question 28

Miscellaneous bacteria like

Answer 28

Mycoplasma ماعندة جدار خلية Treponema (A spirochete with very thin structure) Clamydia ,Rickettsia (intracellular bacteria).

Question 29

عبارة عن تجمع المادة الوراثية للبكتريا (نواة غير حقيقية)

Answer 29

Nucleoid

Question 30

Respiration:- Eukaryotes……………… Prokaryotes…………….

Answer 30

Mitochondria Cellular membrane

Question 31

In gram negative bacteria:- Murein lipoprotein………….. Lipopolysaccharide LPS…………

Answer 31

1/ in peptidoglycan layer 2/الطبقة الثانية من الغشاء الثاني😂🥸

Question 32

ص١+٢+٣/ figures Mark

Answer 32

Imp

Question 33

……………. Is resistance to lysozyme and penicillin attack ,and …………….is vulnerable

Answer 33

Gram - Gram+

Question 34

تحمي البكتريا من البلعمة ، إلا في حالة التصاق الأجسام المضادة بها حيث تصير عميلة ال opsonization

Answer 34

Capsule

Question 35

عبارة عن اختبار ،يتم من خلاله معرفة وجود الكابسول وذلك عن طريق اضافة الأجسام المضادة لها ،حيث يسبب تضخم الكابسول لتتوضح تحت المجهر

Answer 35

Quellung reaction

Question 36

عندما تكون الظروف غير مناسبة (sporulation) وعندما تكون مناسبة ………………… والتي هي عبارة عن ٣مراحل:- ١/…………….(damaging the coat) ٢/……………. (damaging the cortex)الخطوة المباركة 🤗 ٣/Outgrowth (period of active biosynthesis)

Answer 36

Germination Activation تنشيط Initiation بدء

Question 37

Prokaryotic ribosome ……… with ……….subunits . eukaryotic ribosomes………..with ……….subunits.

Answer 37

70s , 50s+30s (فردي🤔) 80s ,60s+40s (زوجي🤔🫠) لاحظي فرق الأرقام عشرين عشرين.

Question 38

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes are in form of free or on mitochondria While eukaryotic’s could also be at ………

Answer 38

RER