STS

Question 1

Designed the Harvard Mark 1

Answer 1

Howard Aiken

Question 2

used to make ballistics
calculations during WWII

Answer 2

Harvard Mark 1

Question 2

Designed and built the first Apple
computer

Answer 2

Steve Wozniak

Question 2

invented the printing press

Answer 2

Johannes Gutenberg

Question 3

code-breaking
machine during WWII which contributed
significantly to early computing

Answer 3

Enigma machine

Question 4

Was credited with creating the Enigma

Answer 4

Alan Turing

Question 5

Created first clone, Dolly

Answer 5

Professor Sir Ian Wilmut

Question 6

Social media and the information age
influence human lives through

Answer 6

1. Spread educational material quickly and
   efficiently
2. Provide companies with a new
   marketing opportunity
3. Increased global connectivity
4. Enhance communication speed

Question 7

Impact of the information age on the
accessibility of information

Answer 7

increased information accessibility

Question 7

Famous hobbyist group in the 1970s
that fueled the early personal computing
movement

Answer 7

Homebrew Computer Club

Question 7

Where the first Apple computer (Apple
1) was showcased

Answer 7

Homebrew Computer Club

Question 8

The machine that became the
foundation of computer science

Answer 8

Universal Machine

Question 9

Potential challenge with information age:

Answer 9

1. Ethical concerns related to data privacy
2. Increased reliance on technology

Question 10

Its invention later called the computer

Answer 10

Universal Machine

Question 11

Involves a variety of habits and
communities

Answer 11

Ecological diversity

Question 12

Developed the first powered solar
system for industrial machinery

Answer 12

Augustine Mouchot

Question 13

established to phase out substances
that deplete ozone

Answer 13

Montreal Protocol

Question 14

set in place to reduce the emissions of
greenhouse gases, with the exception
to ozone-depleting substances

Answer 14

Kyoto Protocol

Question 15

an international agreement managing
the movement of living modified
organisms from one country to another.

Answer 15

Cartagena Protocol

Question 16

has direct impact on human health

contributes to a balanced ecosystem
that supports food production and
medicine

Answer 16

Biodiversity

Question 17

Gummy substance from camel thorn
that contains melezitose and sucrose

Answer 17

Manna

Question 17

How to promote biodiversity conservation?

Answer 17

1. Decrease deforestation
2. Regulation of use of pesticides
3. Implement sustainable practices and
   support protected areas
4. Conservation efforts

Question 18

During the 1800s to 1900s, especially
during the Industrial Revolution,
biomass such as wood and other
organic materials continued to be a
significant source of energy alongside
the increasing use of coal.

Answer 18

Energy

Question 19

Derived from opium poppy

Used to relieve severe pain

Answer 19

Morphine

Question 20

Developed in the Philippines to address vitamin A deficiency in Asian countries

Answer 20

Golden rice

Question 21

A gene therapy treatment used to treat severe combined immunodeficiency due to adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA-SCID)

Answer 21

Strimvelis

Question 22

Technique of inserting the DNA of another species into an organism’s DNA so that organism gains a new trait Altering DNA of an organism at the molecular level

Answer 22

Genetic Engineering

Question 23

Genetic Engineering main goal?

Answer 23

to cure or treat genetic disorders

Question 24

Primary purpose: 1. to enhance resistance to disease 2. to increase crop yields 3. to decrease vulnerability to pests

Answer 24

Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)

Question 25

The first cloned animal A sheep

Answer 25

Dolly

Question 26

Holds promise for treating genetic disorders by introducing functional genes or repairing defective ones within a patient’s cells Has impact on inherited genetic disorders'

Answer 26

Gene Therapy

Question 27

The first scientists to genetically modify an organism by combining genes from 2 different E. coli in 1973

Answer 27

1. Herbert Boyer 2. Stanley Cohen

Question 28

A field of research and innovation concerned with building things which are generally materials and devices on the scale of atoms and molecules

Answer 28

Nanotechnology

Question 29

because it brings together various fields of science through its innovations

Answer 29

Convergent

Question 30

Development of biological simulation that destroys cancer cell activities using drug-bearing nanoparticles Enhancing diagnostic and therapeutic techniques at the molecular level

Answer 30

Application of nanotechnology to medicine

Question 31

Key challenge in the responsible integration of nanotechnology into society

Answer 31

Lack of interest in scientific advancements

Question 31

Silicon oxides and aluminum oxides Have specific nanoporous cage-like structures that are used as molecular sieves

Answer 31

Zeolites

Question 32

Its development on Earth’s surfaces controls soil, air, and water contamination One breakthrough in agriculture

Answer 32

Ultra-small probes

Question 32

Common nano contaminants

Answer 32

1. Battery waste 2. Silver nanoparticles 3. Fly ash

Question 33

Cause of thermal inversion

Answer 33

1. Freezing rain or ice storms 2. Topography or man-made barriers 3. Pollutants from different sources

Question 34

Contributes to addressing climate change by encouraging responsible behaviors and sustainable practices

Answer 34

Environment awareness

Question 35

Potential consequences of continued climate change

Answer 35

Rising sea levels Extreme weather events Disruptions to ecosystems

Question 36

Affects albedo, which is the ratio of light reflected by any part of the Earth’s atmosphere

Answer 36

Melting of ice

Question 37

Unusually cold ocean temperature in the Equatorial Pacific which causes increased numbers of tropical storms in the Pacific Ocean.

Answer 37

La Niña

Question 38

Unusual warming of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean

Answer 38

El Niño

Question 39

Common greenhouse gases that occurs naturally

Answer 39

1. CO2 (carbon dioxide) 2. CH4 (methane) 3. NOx (nitric oxides, nitrogen dioxide, ground-level ozone)

Question 40

Protects life from UV radiation from the sun

Answer 40

Stratospheric ozone

Question 41

Affects the synchronization of pollination for flowering plants

Answer 41

Ground level ozone