Stuctures

Question 1

Setae

Answer 1

Annelids (expect leeches); aid movement and act as anchor

Question 2

Nephridia

Answer 2

Annelids; excretion, opening to coloem and outside of animal

Question 3

Clitellum

Answer 3

Class ciltellata; reproduction, produces mucus that produces cocoon

Question 4

Sensillae

Answer 4

Leeches; clusters of sensory cells

Question 5

Apical complex

Answer 5

Apicomplexa; important for host invasion

Question 6

Chanocytes

Answer 6

Poriferia; feeding, respiration, excretion

Question 7

Mesophyl

Answer 7

Poriferia; structural, full of collagen protein fibrils and spicules

Question 8

Spicule

Answer 8

Poriferia; structural, made of calcium or silica

Question 9

Spongin

Answer 9

Poriferia; structural, specialized form of collagen

Question 10

Gemmules

Answer 10

Freshwater porifera; asexual reproduction, allows for overwintering

Question 11

Nerve net

Answer 11

Cnidaria; diffuse nervous system

Question 12

Cnidocytes

Answer 12

Cnidaria; one-time-use structures that are shot out of body

Question 12

Nematocysts

Answer 12

Cnidaria; toxin injections

Question 12

Ptychocysts

Answer 12

Cnidaria; achor body to soft substrate

Question 12

Spirocysts

Answer 12

Cnidaria; adhesive, only in anthozoa

Question 12

Cnidocil

Answer 12

Cnidaria; “trigger” of the cnidocytes

Question 12

Storbiliation

Answer 12

Class scyphozoa; stroba polyp breaks off form “dinner plate stack” to form new medusa

Question 12

Ciliated Planula Larvae

Answer 12

Cnidaria; forms from zygote so zygote can move

Question 13

Umbo

Answer 13

Bivalves; oldest part of the shell

Question 14

Radula

Answer 14

Mollusca (except bivalves); “tongue” that scrapes material, acts as conveyor belt to move food towards stomache

Question 15

Siphons

Answer 15

Bivalves; extension of the mantle, draws water in or pushes it out

Question 16

Nephridial tubules

Answer 16

Bivalves; kidneys

Question 17

Free-swimming trochophore larva

Answer 17

Bivales, annelids; larve stage after egg hatches

Question 18

Glochidia stage

Answer 18

Freshwater bivalves; specialized veliger stage. After internal fertilization, attaches to fish gills and lives as parasite

Question 19

Nauplius

Answer 19

Most common crustacean larvae

Question 20

Green gland

Answer 20

Part of crustacean excretory system, utilizes hydrostatic pressure

Question 21

Malpighian tubules

Answer 21

Used in insect excretory system

Question 22

Hemolymphs

Answer 22

Involved in crustacean respiration

Question 23

Tracheal system

Answer 23

System of tube involved in insect respiration

Question 24

Podia

Answer 24

Enchinodermata, tube feet

Question 25

Ampulla

Answer 25

Enchinodermata - muscle sack that hold fluid above the podium, creates a "suction cup"

Question 26

Ossicles

Answer 26

Plates on the calcerous endoskeleton of echinoderms

Question 27

Catch collagen

Answer 27

Asteroidea - specialized connective tissue. Can be controlled by nervous system to change from "liquid" to "solid"

Question 28

Pedicellarie

Answer 28

Pincer-like jaws controlled by muscles, keep body surface free of debris

Question 29

Papulae

Answer 29

Asteroidea - small projects of coelomic cavity that extend through ossicles. Aids in gas exchange

Question 30

Notochord

Answer 30

Chorodates, flexible but stiff tissue, becomes vertebrae in most vertebrates

Question 31

Dorsal Nerve Cord

Answer 31

Chordates - anterior ends enlarges to from brain. In vertebrates brain protected in bone/cartilage cranium

Question 32

Pharyngeal pouches and slits

Answer 32

Chordates - slits lead from pharyngeal cavity to outside. In fish - makes up internal gills. In humans - make-up part of the middle ear, ear drum, tonsils, etc.

Question 33

Endostyle or thyroid gland

Answer 33

Chordata - endostyle secretes proteins, thyroid secretes hormones

Question 34

Postanal Tail

Answer 34

Chordata - allows for swimming, becomes smaller or vestigial in some lineages

Question 35

Micronucleus

Answer 35

Used in sexual reproduction, genes never translated, forms marcronucleus, the "good copy"

Question 36

Macronucleus

Answer 36

Used in day-to-day for metabolism development, many copies of genes

Question 37

Archeocyte

Answer 37

Aids in porifera digestion, embeded in mesohyle

Question 38

Pinacocytes

Answer 38

Aids in porifera protect, embeded in mesohyle