Studies

Question 1

Baddeley

- aim

Answer 1

To see if LTM was like STM

- if in LTM acoustic similarity of words would lead to memory impairment then would be semantic similarity of words

Question 2

Baddeley

- word lists

Answer 2

A = acoustically similar 
B = control (acoustically dissimilar)
C= semantically similar 
D = semantically dissimilar

Question 3

Baddeley

- Experiment 3 Method

Answer 3

1) presented with word list (10 words for 3 seconds)
2) digit task (8 seconds to write them down - to prevent
3) test asked to write them down

This occurred 4 times

4) 15 minute digit copying task - prevented maintenance rehearsal
5) surprise recall task

Question 4

Baddeley

- results

Answer 4

• acoustically similar list - no sig diff

- semantically similar - control list significantly better recall

Question 5

Baddeley

- conclusion

Answer 5

• learning of word sequences impaired by semantic similarity
• LTM based on semantic encoding
• transferral to the LTM involves and intermediate stage where material is in STM

Question 6

Baddleley Strengths

Answer 6

+ high reliability - easy to replicate (word lists)
+ generalisability - memory is universal
+ ethics
+application- students can use it

Question 7

Baddeley weaknesses

Answer 7

• ecological validity - lab
• generalisability - all ppts from Cambridge
• Ethics - deception (forgetting trial)