Studies to remember

Question 1

Asch(1955)

Answer 1

3 lines experiment
confederates + participant
74% conformed at least once

Question 2

Loftus and Palmer(1974)

Answer 2

Car crash reconstruction
verb in question “reconstructs” memory
highest “crashed” lowest “contacted”

Question 3

Milgram(1963)

Answer 3

Electrocuting learner
65% went to full power
100% went to dangerous power

Question 4

Scoville and Milner(1957)

Answer 4

HM had complete anterograde amnesia and partial retrograde amnesia after his hippocampus was removed

Question 5

Tajfel and Turner(1969)

Answer 5

Klee/Kandinsky groups
Created two arbitrary groups of 48 adolescent boys
task: award points to both groups from a point matrix
intergroup discrimination, group favoritism
categorization, identification, comparison

Question 6

Bandura(1961)

Answer 6

Bobo Doll experiment
3 to 6-year-old children put in a room with an inflatable Bobo doll and a role model who was either aggressive or not aggressive to the Bobo doll
children more likely to hit the Bobo doll if they with violent role model
children more likely to imitate same-gender role model
boys more aggressive than girls

Question 7

Bartlett(1932)

Answer 7

War of the Ghosts reconstruction
changed “canoe” to boat and supernatural death became physical death
schema theory

Question 8

Maguire et al(2000)

Answer 8

male, right handed London taxi drivers had bigger hippocampi and more grey matter than normal male right handed londoners

Question 9

Curtis et. al(2004)

Answer 9

Disgust survey
44000 people after vetting
disease-salient images and non-disease-salient
females higher than males
less as age increases
same across cultures
disgust evolved as a way to keep people safe

Question 10

Dabbs et. al(1987)

Answer 10

Saliva sample of prison inmates
Men with violent crimes more likely to have more testosterone

Question 11

Feinstein et al(2011)

Answer 11

case study: woman with lesions on both her amygdalas (SM)
touched dangerous animals and said she was “curious”
laughed at a scary haunted house
still able to feel other emotions such as sadness
unaffected by traumatic events in her past

Question 12

BLOA Principle 1

Answer 12

Emotions and behaviors are products of the anatomy and physiology of the nervous and endocrine system

Question 13

SCLOA Principle 1

Answer 13

Human beings are social animals and need to belong

Question 14

SCLOA Principle 4

Answer 14

Our views are resistant to change

Question 15

SCLOA Principle 3

Answer 15

Humans have a social self

Question 16

SCLOA Principle 2

Answer 16

Culture influences behavior

Question 17

CLOA Principle 1

Answer 17

Human beings are information processors and mental representations guide behavior

Question 18

CLOA Principle 2

Answer 18

Mental processes can and should be studied scientifically by developing theories and by using a variety of research methods

Question 19

BLOA Principle 3

Answer 19

Patterns of behavior can be inherited–behavior is innate because it is genetically based

Question 20

BLOA Principle 2

Answer 20

Animal research may inform our understanding of human behavior

Question 21

Alter et al(2007)

Answer 21

Aim: to see how cognitive disfluency influenced level of thinking
System 1(intuitive, fast) vs System 2(logical, slow) thinking
2 groups were given the Cognitive Reflection Test
One was in an easy-to-read font and the other was in a hard-to-read font
hard-to-read font used system 2 more because they got more answers right

Question 22

Loftus(1999)

Answer 22

Lost in a mall study
false + true stories gathered from family
5/22 people remembered 2 weeks later

Question 23

Gergely et al(2002)

Answer 23

light box study

Question 24

Kashima and Triandis(1986)

Answer 24

Japanese vs. American students attribution
undergrads given a test and told how they did
Japanese: modesty bias
American: self-serving bias

Question 25

Scarr and Weinberg(1976)

Answer 25

african-american kids fostered in middle-class white homes had the same IQ as their white middle-class peers
by age 17 their IQs were closer to their biological “peers”