study Flashcards
(234 cards)
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April 3rd 2025
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Chapter 5: The journey takes new shape; a people at home
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- The book of judges provides the bridge between the settlement and the establishment of a kingdom
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- 1250 BC- The Israelites in Canon
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- From the time they came to Palestine to the beginning of the Monarchy (1050 BC)
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Key figures in Judges
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- Deborah - A wise & courageous female leader
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- Gideon - A reluctant hero who tested God
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- Samson - A flawed by powerful judge
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- Jephthah - A rash vow with tragic consequences
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Deborah
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In the Bible
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Deborah was a prophetess and judge who led the Israelites against the Canaanites
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Gideon
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In the Bible
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Gideon was a military leader and judge of Israel who
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Samson
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In the Bible
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Samson
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His strength was in his hair.
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Jephthah
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In the Bible
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Jephthah
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3 Theological Themes of the book of justice
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* God’s mercy & justice
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* Human weakness & redemption
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* The consequences of moral & spiritual compromise
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The Cycle of Judges
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Sin →Oppression →Repentance → Deliverance → Peace → Repeat
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Overview of the Book of Judges
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* Joshua takes over when Moses dies
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* Joshua dies
book of judges begins
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* Israel’s total failure
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* Judges: political/regional leaders
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* Book of Judges = disturbing & violent
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* Leaders go from good
okay
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* Opening Section
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* 1: List of Canaanites groups & how Israel tried to drive them out
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* 2: Israelites moved next to Canaanites & grew accustomed to their rituals of worship
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* Became like the Canaanites
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* Othniel
Ehud
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* Epic adventures
defeat their enemies
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* Gideon (6-9)
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* Starts off as a coward
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* Starts to trust that God can save Israel through him
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* In those days Israel had no King and everyone did what was right in their own eyes
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Judges Character Study Chart
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Judge
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Strengths
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Weaknesses
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Role in Deliverance
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Key Lesson
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Deborah
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courage
wisdom
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Deborah is portrayed as a strong and courageous leader
not as someone with a weakness
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Rallied the Israelites and leading them to victory
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God can use anyone
regardless of gender
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Gideon
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obedience
faith
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doubt and fear in God
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delivered the Israelites from Midianite oppression
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the importance of trusting in God's power and guidance even when facing seemingly insurmountable odds
and the dangers of pride and self-reliance
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Samson
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extraordinary strength
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impulsiveness
a lack of self-control
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played a significant role in the deliverance of the Israelites from the Philistines
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true strength and hope are found in God
not in oneself
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Jephthah
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military strength and strategic brilliance
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his rash vow to sacrifice whatever first met him upon his return from battle
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delivering the Israelites from the oppression of the Ammonites
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the importance of careful and thoughtful speech
the dangers of rash vows
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Reflection Prompts
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How does the story of the judges compare to struggles in today's world?
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The book of judges compares with the modern day struggles of right vs. wrong
and depending on God’s grace. The book explains a cycle of disobedience
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What qualities make a godly leader?
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Integrity
humility
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April 14
2025
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The Monarchy: Kings of Israel & Judah
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Genealogy of the Kings
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* There are 13 tribes of Israel
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* Jesus is from the line of David
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* United monarch - All tribes of Israel united under 1 king
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* People tired of judges- wanted new king
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* Saul was the first king (1033-1011 BCE)
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* David is the most famous monarch
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* Ruled from 1011-1004 BCE
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* At first he only ruled Juda
but by 1004 he ruled all of Israel
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* Johnathan & David become best friends
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* Philistines
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* David
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* Made Jerusalem the capitol
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* Grandfather is Jesse
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* Great Grandmother is Ruth
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* David & Bathsheba
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* David see her bathing on the roof & wants her
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* Plans to have her husband killed in war
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* Has a son named Solomon - Becomes next king
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* Solomon
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* Very wise
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* Built the first temple
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* Romans destroyed it; only the wailing wall remains
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* Queen of Sheba
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* Has kid w/ Solomon
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* Menelik - Solomic Dynasty of Ethiopia
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* After Solomon the kingdoms split
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* North - Israel
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* South - Judah
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* Israel
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* Elija
Ahab
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* Jezebel
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Samuel
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* 9th book of the bible
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* Starts with birth of Samuel
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* Mother Hannah prays for a son
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* Decline of priesthood under Eli
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* Samuel is needed as a central spiritual leader
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* Israelites demand a king
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* Saul anointed 1st king of Israel
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* Is at first a success but declines due to his disobedience to God’s command
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* Characterized by pride & disobedience
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* Saul jealous of David
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* —-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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May 1 2025 The Wisdom Literature
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Wisdom Literature - 3 books
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* Proverbs
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* Ecclesiates
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* Job
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Proverbs
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* The young teacher
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* Hakama - Hebrew for wisdom
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* Develop the skill of making your own good life
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* Good decisions = Hakama; Bad decisions= against Hakama
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* Need to have fear of the Lord
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* Without it we’ll be arrogant and no basic care for stuff
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* Essential for all good living
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Ecclesiates
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* The critic
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Wisdom Literature - Collections of wise sayings
proverbs
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Apocalyptic- A highly symbolic style of writing in which hidden truths are revealed within a narrative framework. The revelation is often delivered by an angelic or visionary being. The greek word apokalypsis means “revelation or “unveiling
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Chapter 9
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* 4 main narratives: God’s creation
the natural laws
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* The beginning of wisdom is fear of the lord & knowledge of the holy one as understanding
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* Book of Daniel: Only purley apocalyptic literature
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* In the old testament apocalyptic literature is the book of daniel in the new testament we end with a book of apocalyptic literature
revelation
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May 5th 2025 4 Major Prophets of the Bible
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Isaiah
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* “Propet of Salvation”
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* Warned Judah disobedience would lead to destruction
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* Had a vision of the Lord seated on a throne with angels chanting around him
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* Recognized his own sinfulness during vision; was forgiven; told God to send him
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* Told Judah to repent & God will forgive them
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* Told them of the Messiah
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* Suffering Servant
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* Messiah would also be a servant who would suffer and die; by his wounds we are healed
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* Isaiah 53: Gospel of Old Testament
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* Salvation wouldn’t come from military victory or political power; it's in the Messiah
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* Jesus often quoted from the prophet Isaiah
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Jeremiah
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* Warned people of Judah abt their destruction if they weren’t faithful
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* “The Weeping Prophet”: he faced personal pain
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* Lived through reign of several kings during Babylonian exile
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* Called to be God’s mouthpiece; a warning
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* Said Israel will be destroyed; Warned of babylonian exile; said temple will be destroyed
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* Mocked & tried to be killed
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* Loved his city & nation
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* Message he had to deliver broke his heart
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* Encouraged them to turn back to God
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* Temple’s Sermon
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* Jeremiah 7 where he delivered a message to the people of Judah at the Temple in Jerusalem.
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* Challenges the belief that simply being in the Temple or offering sacrifices would guarantee God's favor and protection
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* Foretold of a virgin birth of the Messiah
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* Promises a new covenant
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* God’s law will be written on their heart
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* Theme of restoration
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* Jeremiah was able to have trust in God even though he what was happening
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* Wrote book of lamentations
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May 7th 2025
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God’s Prophets At the Heart of the Journey
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* Prophets: Israelites that had an erratic interaction with with God
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* Called prophets to encourage people to be better
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* Announced consequences; Day of the Lord: The end of the world/the apocalypse/ how God will bring justice
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* Cosmic imagery in their depiction
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* Day of Lord also pertains to when the Israelites return to Israel after the Babalonian exile
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* Ezekiel - 3rd major prophets
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* Hosea
Joel
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May 8
2025 Prophets
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* A prophet is a special kind of messenger from God
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* Nabi is the Hebrew word translated as prophet
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* There are former and latter prophets
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* The former prophets are found in the Historical Books
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* The latter prophets were made up of the major prophets & the minor prophets
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* Major prophets
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* Isaiah
Jeremiah
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* Minor prophets
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* Hosea
Joel
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* 2 sets of prophets: those who came prior to the fall of the northern kingdom; and those who came after the fall of the northern & southern kingdom & the exile of Israel to Assyria & Judah to Babylon
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* Call Narrative: a specific type of biblical narrative that tells the story of an individual being called by God to a specific mission or role
often involving prophecy or leadership
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* 5 common elements of the call narrative
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* a confrontation or crisis
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* a commission or call
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* the subject's objection or doubt
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* an assurance or guarantee of support
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* a sign to confirm the commission
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* 3 ways the prophets are characterized/ their roles
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* God's Messengers and Divine Inspiration
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* Advocates for Social Justice and Righteousness
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* Call to Repentance and Hope
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* Messenger formula: a standard way of presenting oracles or prophetic messages
often found at the beginning of a clause. It's a way of highlighting the source of the message and asserting the prophet's role as a messenger of God. Examples include phrases like "Thus says the Lord" or "For behold
