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Database Midterm 1 > Study > Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is the user’s data stores in a database?

A

Tables

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2
Q

Stored in tables

A

User data

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3
Q

Information about the structure of a database is called

A

Metadata

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4
Q

Metadata

A

Information about the structure of a database

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5
Q

What is a DBMS

A

Database Management System is software used to create, access, and maintain a database

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6
Q

Software used to create, access, and maintain a database

A

DBMS

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7
Q

Retrieves data from the database

A

DBMS engine

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8
Q

What does a DBMS engine do

A

Retrieves data from a database

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9
Q

When asked to add data to a table what is done?

A

Insert into query

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10
Q

Insert into query is used when?

A

Adding data to a table

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11
Q

Referential integrity constraint

A

Rule that states each foreign key value must match a primary key value in the other relation

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12
Q

Rule that states each foreign key value must match a primary key value in the other relation

A

Referential integrity constraint

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13
Q

What do rows and columns represent

A

Tuples and attributes

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14
Q

Tuples and attributes are represented by

A

Rows and columns

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15
Q

BOYCE Codd normal form

A

If all determinants are a candidate key

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16
Q

If all determinants are a candidate key

A

BOYCE Codd normal form

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17
Q

Third normal form

A

Free from transitive dependencies

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18
Q

Free from transitive dependencies

A

Third normal form

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19
Q

Second normal form

A

No partial dependencies

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20
Q

No partial dependencies

A

Second normal form

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21
Q

What is a composite key

A

Primary key made up of two or more attributes

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22
Q

Primary key made up of two or more attributes

A

Composite key

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23
Q

How is “multi determines” written?

A

Double arrow

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24
Q

Double arrows are used for

A

Multi determinates

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25
DML
Deals primarily with user data (INSERT, SELECT)
26
Deals primarily with user data (INSERT, SELECT)
DML
27
DDL
Deals primarily with metadata (CREATE, DROP)
28
Deals primarily with metadata (CREATE, DROP)
DDL
29
How is a composite attribute (an attribute with more than one value) written in a relation?
Only its values are
30
Only its values are written in a relation
Composite attribute
31
How are open circle attributes (derived) written in a relation?
They are not
32
Simple vs composite
Simple has one piece of data, composite has more than one attribute
33
Single vs multi valued
Single has one data value, multi has more than one
34
Stored vs derived
Stored data is retained, derived are calculated
35
One piece of data
Simple attribute
36
Has more than one attribute
Composite
37
One data value
Single attribute
38
More than one data value
Multivalued attribute
39
Retained
Stored data values
40
Derived
Calculated
41
Represented by rectangle in Chen and Crow’s Foot Models
Entity class
42
Entity class is represented by
Triangle in Chen and Crow’s Foot Model
43
ER model other names and creator
E-R Diagram or ERE. Peter Chen
44
E-R Diagram or ERE. Peter Chen
ER Model
45
Relational Model
Applied using relational algebra. Stored as rows and columns. Uses normalization
46
Applied using relational algebra. Stored as rows and columns. Uses normalization
Relational Model
47
Low Level
Physical level (file layouts, indexing, OS access strategies) DBMS specific
48
Physical level (file layouts, indexing, OS access strategies) DBMS specific
Low Level
49
Representational Model
Relational Model
50
UOD
“Universe Of Discourse”. Description of model we are implementing in database.
51
“Universe Of Discourse”. Description of model we are implementing in database.
UOD
52
Database development lifecycle
Create data model, transpose data model into relations, normalize relations, create database tables within DBMS, define relationships between tables, define forms, define queries, define reports, define menus, application metadata, maintenance.
53
Create data model, transpose data model into relations, normalize relations, create database tables within DBMS, define relationships between tables, define forms, define queries, define reports, define menus, application metadata, maintenance.
Database development lifecycle
54
Run time subsystem
Processes components created with design tools
55
Processes components created with design tools
Run time subsystem
56
Design tools subsystem
Creates tables, forms, queries, and reports
57
Creates tables, forms, queries, and reports
Design tools subsystem
58
Database vs filesystem
Special programs needed to extract filesystem data, DBMS used for database. Data items frequently duplicated in filesystems, minimal duplication in databases. All programs must update filesystem, DBMS handles file modification. Convert files to compatible formats, DBMS does all formatting. No data relations in filesystems, databases have this.
59
Define database
Shared, self describing, organized collection of logically-related persistent data
60
Shared, self describing, organized collection of logically-related persistent data
Database
61
Data formats
Text, numbers, date/time, graphics and images, sound a video, programs and other objects
62
Text, numbers, date/time, graphics and images, sound a video, programs and other objects
Data formats
63
Application metadata
Data about structure of forms, reports, and queries
64
Data about structure of forms, reports, and queries
Application metadata
65
Index (and overhead) data
An index aids in searching
66
User data
Data tracked by users
67
Data tracked by users
User data
68
DBMS definitely
Software that facilitates the transfer of data between the database and the design and run-time subsystems
69
Software that facilitates the transfer of data between the database and the design and run-time subsystems
DBMS
70
Database disadvantages
DBAs, installation costs, conversion costs, backup, political problems
71
DBAs, installation costs, conversion costs, backup, political problems
Database disadvantages
72
Define data model
Set of concepts that can be used to capture a UoD
73
Set of concepts that can be used to capture a UoD
Data model
74
What is an entity instance?
Actual occurrence of data for an entity class like “Smith, John”. Usually never shown
75
Actual occurrence of data for an entity class like “Smith, John”. Usually never shown
Entity instance
76
How is a composite identifier represented on a Chen Diagram?
Identifier with multiple lines pointing out of it
77
Identifier with multiple lines pointing out of it
Composite identifier
78
Types of anomalies
Redundancy is repeated information. Update anomaly is failure to change all instances of a specific value. Delete anomaly is to delete data and lose other values as a side effect. Insert anomaly needs user to add information about multiple themes.
79
Redundancy is repeated information. Update anomaly is failure to change all instances of a specific value. Delete anomaly is to delete data and lose other values as a side effect. Insert anomaly needs user to add information about multiple themes.
Types of anomalies
80
A data model that effectively captures the entities and the interactions/connections between those entities will
Require little to no modification when transposed into relations

Database Midterm 1 (1 decks)

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