Study

Question 1

Depolarization

Answer 1

The NEGATIVE internal charge of the cell becomes POSITIVE briefly.

Question 2

Repolarization

Answer 2

Change in membrane potential that returns the membrane to a negative value (POSITIVE to NEGATIVE). It occurs just after depolarization phase.

Question 3

Neurotransmitter

Answer 3

Endogenous chemicals that enable NEUROTRANSMISSION

Question 4

Ion channels

Answer 4

Pore forming membrane proteins that enable functions include establishing a resting membrane potential and other electrical signals gating the flow of ions

Question 5

Synapse

Answer 5

A structure that permits a neutron (or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron

Question 6

Synaptic vessels

Answer 6

These store various neurotransmitters that are released at the SYNAPSE

Question 7

Synaptic cleft

Answer 7

Also called a synaptic gap

Question 8

Vitamins

Answer 8

Contain vital nutrients in limited amounts

Question 9

Carotenoids

Answer 9

600 naturally occurring pigments by plants,algae,etc.

Question 10

Neuron

Answer 10

A specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses;a nerve cell

Question 11

Electrochemical signal

Answer 11

A SIGNAL appears at a neuromuscular junction

Question 12

Action potential

Answer 12

A short event which the electrical membrane potential of a cell rapidly rises and falls

Question 13

Nerve impulse

Answer 13

A signal transmitted along a NERVE fibre. It consists of a wave of electrical depolarization that reverses the potential difference across the nerve cell membranes

Question 14

Dendrite

Answer 14

A short branched extension of a nerve cell

Question 15

Myelin sheath

Answer 15

The insulating covering that surrounds an axon with multiple spiral layers of MYELIN

Question 16

Axon

Answer 16

The long THREADLIKE PART of a nerve cell

Question 17

Axon terminal

Answer 17

The somewhat enlarged, often club shaped ENDINGS (TERMINAL)

Question 18

Node of Ranvier

Answer 18

A gap in the myelin sheath of a nerve, between adjacent Schwann cells

Question 19

Resting membrane potiental

Answer 19

The voltage (charge) difference across the cell membrane when the cell is at REST

Question 20

Postsynaptic neuron

Answer 20

The neuron to which the electrical impulse is transmitted across a synaptic cleft by the release of a chemical neurotransmitter from the axon terminal of presynaptic neuron

Question 21

Central nervous system (CNS)

Answer 21

The nerve tissues that controls the activities of the body.

Question 22

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Answer 22

Part of the nervous system that consists of nerves and ganglia on the exterior of the brain and spinal cord

Question 23

Reflex response

Answer 23

Not controlled by a conscious thought. Common action is the knee-jerk reflex

Question 24

Somatic nervous system

Answer 24

Part of the nervous system that involves skeletal muscle VOLUNTARY control of movements

Question 25

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 25

Apart of the vertebrate nervous system that innervates smooth and cardiac muscle and glandular tissue and governs INVOLUNTARY ACTIONS and involves the sympathetic nervous and parasympathetic nervous system

Question 26

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 26

One of the two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system. IT FUNCTIONS TO REGULATE THE BODYS UNCONSCIOUS ACTIONS

Question 27

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 27

Tends to induce secretion to induce contracility of smooth muscle and to slow heat rate

Question 28

Synaptic knob

Answer 28

This KNOB is adajacent to a tiny cleft or synapse (s)