Study for Lab Flashcards by Savannah parks

Frontalis

raises eyebrows

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orbicularis oculi

closes eyes

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orbicularis oris

closes lips, protrudes lips, compresses lips against teeth

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masseter

elevates mandible to close mouth

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temporalis

elevates mandible to close mouth

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digastric

pushes down on mandible to open mouth, elevates hyoid

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sternocleidomastoid

Acting together: flexes neck, elevates sternum and clavicle

Acting alone: laterally flax and rotate head

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rectus abdominis

comresses abdomen, flexes vertebral column

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external oblique

Acting together: compresses abdomen and flex vertebral column.
Acting alone: rotate and laterally flex vertebral column

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internal oblique

Acting together: compresses abdomen and flex vertebral column.
Acting alone: rotate and laterally flex vertebral column

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transverse abdominis

compresses abdomen

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Diaphragm

flattens and lowers during inhalation to increase the size of the thoracic cavity

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external intercostals

during inhalation, elevates the ribs to increase the size of the thoracic cavity

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internal intercostals

during forced exhalation, depresses the ribs to decrease the size of the thoracic cavity

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pectoralis major

flexes and adducts arm

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pectoralis minor

abducts and rotates scapula, elevates rib cage when scapula is held stationary

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serratus anterior

abducts and rotates scapula, elevates rib cage when scapula is held stationary

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trapezius

elevates, adducts and depresses scapula and extends neck

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scalane muscle group (anterior, middle, and posterior)

Acting on both sides: flex neck and elevate first 2 ribs

Acting on one side: rotate neck and laterally flex neck

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levator scapulae

elevates scapula

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splenius capitis

Acting together: extend neck

Acting singly: laterally flex and rotate head

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rhomboideus major and rhomboideus minor

adduct and elevate scapula

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latissimus dori

extends and adducts arm

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deltoid

abducts, flexes and extends arm

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subscapularis

rotates arm medially

supraspinatus

rotates arm laterally and adducts arm

teres minor

rotates arm laterally

teres major

extends and adducts arm

triceps brachii

extends forearm

biceps brachii

flexes forearm, supinates forearm

brachiallis

flexes forearm

brachioradialis

flexes forearm

pronator teres

pronates forearm

gluteus maximus

extends thigh

gluteus medium

abducts thigh, rotates thigh medially

tensor fasciae latae

flexes and abducts thigh

adductor longus

flexes and adducts thigh

adductor magnus

flexes and adducts thigh

gracilis

adducts thigh

sartorius

flexes and laterally rotates thigh, flexes thigh

rectus femoris

extends leg, flexes thigh

vastus lateralis

extends leg

vastus medialis

extends leg

vastus intermedius

extends leg

biceps femoris

flexes leg and extends thigh

semitendinosus

flexes leg and extends thigh

semimembranosus

flexes leg and extends thigh

tibialis anterior

dorsiflexes foot and inverts foot

fibularis longus

plantar flexes foot and everts foot

gastrocnemius

plantar flexes foot and flexes leg

soleus

plantar flexes foot

Skeletal muscle

Muscles that primarily attach to the bones of the body to allow voluntary movement

Origin

The immovable pony of the muscle attachment

Insertion

The movable point of the muscle attachment

What specific tissue makes up tendons and aponeurosis?

Dense regular connective tissue

Tendon

Connective tissue with an overall shape of a band that connects muscle to bone

Aponeurosis

Connective tissue that is shaped like a sheet (can be found in abdominal wall)

What type of cells are found in tendons?

Fibroblasts

Describe dense regular connective tissue

Fibers are well organized/ all run In the same direction Made of mainly collage nous and few elastic fibers

Flexion

Movement of a joint forward

Extension

Joint at 180*

Hyperextension

Moves past normal anatomical position

Lateral Flexion

Moving (leaning) to one side or the other

Dorsiexion

Toes pointed up

Plantar flexion

Toes pointed down

Abduction

Movement away from the midline

Adduction

Moving in toward the midline

Rotation

Moving around a central point

Circumduction

Moving distal end of appendage in a circle

Supination

Palms up (to hold soup)

Pronation

Palms down

Inversion

Soles of feet point towards midline

Eversion

Soles of feet turned away from midline

Protraction

Movement straight forward

Retraction

Movement straight backwards

Elevation

Depression

Down

Isometric contraction

A muscle contracts but does not shorten in length. Tension is increased but no movement occurs

Isotonic contraction

The muscle changes length and causes movement during the contraction.

Prime mover (agonist)

The muscle that contributes the greatest amount of force to any particular action

Synergist

The muscle that helps the prime mover by adding a little extra strength to the same action

Antagonist

Any muscle that produces the opposite action of the prime mover

Fixator

A muscle that works to immobilize a joint so that a muscle can accomplish it's action.

Study for Lab Flashcards

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